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CHAPTER 7

CHAPTER 7. FOR LIFE. THE OLD FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID. THE NEW FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID. One Size Does Not Fit All!. USDA created 12 pyramids for _______________________, from 1,000 to 3,200. Calorie levels are based on: Gender ____________ ____________. 4. Anatomy of MyPyramid. _____________

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CHAPTER 7

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  1. CHAPTER 7 FOR LIFE

  2. THE OLD FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID

  3. THE NEW FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID

  4. One Size Does Not Fit All! USDA created 12 pyramids for _______________________, from 1,000 to 3,200. Calorie levels are based on: Gender ____________ ____________ 4

  5. Anatomy of MyPyramid _____________ Represented by the steps and the person climbing them. 5

  6. SIX CLASSES OF NUTRIENTS • ________________ • FATS • ________________ • VITAMINS • ________________ • WATER

  7. CHAPTER 7.1 KEY TERMS _________________- THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND THE WAYS IN WHICH THE BODY USES IT NUTRIENTS- A SUBSTANCE IN FOOD THAT PROVIDES ENERGY OR HELPS FORM BODY TISSUES AND THAT IS NECESSARY FOR _______________________. _________________- A CLASS OF ENERGY-GIVING NUTRIENTS THAT INCLUDES SUGARS, STARCHES, AND FIBER. FATS- A CLASS OF ENERGY-GIVING NUTRIENTS; ALSO THE MAIN SOURCE OF ________________ IN THE BODY PROTEINS- A CLASS OF NUTRIENTS THAT ARE MADE UP OF AMINO ACIDS, WHICH ARE NEEDED TO ________ ____________________________________ AND TO REGULATE PROCESSES IN THE BODY.

  8. CHAPTER 7.2 KEY TERMS • VITAMIN- CLASS OF NUTRIENTS THAT CONTAIN CARBON & ARE NEEDED IN SMALL AMOUNTS TO __________________________ ____________________________. • MINERAL- CLASS OF NUTRIENT THAT ARE CHEMICAL ELEMENTS THAT ARE NEEDED FOR CERTAIN BODY PROCESSES, SUCH AS _______ ______________________________________. • _______________________- STATE OF NOT HAVING ENOUGH OF A NUTRIENT TO MAINTAIN GOOD HEALTH

  9. FIBER • KEEPS INTESTINES HEALTHY, _________ __________________ __________________ __________________ & HEART DISEASE

  10. FATS • _________________ • ANIMAL • MEAT, MILK, BUTTER, & ICE CREAM • ________________-”GOOD FAT” • PLANT • OLIVE, CANOLA, PEANUT, CORN, SUNFLOWER, & SOYBEAN OIL

  11. CHOLESTEROL • _________________________________ • MEAT, FISH, POULTRY, EGGS, & DAIRY PRODUCTS

  12. PROTEIN • __________________ • ANIMAL • MEAT, EGGS & DAIRY PRODUCTS • _________________ • PLANT • GRAINS, VEGETABLES *AMINO ACIDS

  13. SODIUM • ____________ PER DAY • PROCESSED FOODS-BAKED GOODS, SNACK FOODS, CANNED GOODS, & __________________. • INCREASES BLOOD PRESSURE • ______________________ ______________________

  14. CALCIUM • __________________ • NONDAIRY SOURCES OF CALCIUM • GREEN LEAFY VEGETABLES-SPINACH, BROCCOLI • CALCIUM-FORTIFIED FOODS-BREAD, CEREAL, OJ

  15. IRON • ANEMIA- FEEL TIRED & WEAK BECAUSE THERE ARE _______________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ • ___________________ - GOOD SOURCE OF IRON

  16. WATER • ONLY LIVE FOR A FEW DAYS WITHOUT WATER • ________ OF YOUR BODY IS WATER • _____ GLASSES A DAY • ______________ OF THE WEIGHT OF MOST FRUITS & VEGETABLES IS WATER • HELPS GET RID OF WASTES FROM THE BODY • ________________________ ________________________

  17. _______________________ (STARCHES) POTATOES, BEANS, PEAS, GRAINS (RICE, CORN, & WHEAT), PASTA, CEREALS digestion of complex carbohydrates takes longer. The slow absorption of sugars provides us with a steady supply of energy and limits the amount of sugar converted into fat and stored! _________________________ (SUGARS) - CANDY, CAKES, DESSERTS, MILK, HONEY, JUICES, AND FRUIT Their rapid absorption increases the chances of sugar converting to fat CARBOHYDRATES

  18. GLYCOGEN • _________________ _________________ • HITTING THE WALL

  19. CHAPTER 7.3 KEY TERMS • RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCES (RDA’S)- RECOMMENDED NUTRIENT INTAKES THAT WILL MEET THE NEEDS OF ALMOST ALL HEALTHY PEOPLE • __________________ (DV)- RECOMMENDED DAILY AMOUNT OF A NUTRIENT; USED ON FOOD LABELS TO HELP PEOPLE SEE HOW A FOOD FITS INTO THEIR DIET • FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID- TOOL FOR CHOOSING A HEALTHY DIET BY SELECTING A __________________ _____________________________________________. • _______________________________________- SET OF DIET AND LIFESTYLE RECOMMENDATIONS DEVELOPED TO IMPROVE HEALTH AND REDUCE NUTRITION-RELATED DISEASE RISK IN THE U.S. POPULATION

  20. NUTRITION LABELS • INGREDIENT LIST- LISTED ____________ ____________________________________ • http://www.youngwomenshealth.org/images2/nutrition-facts-label-rev_3.gif

  21. 15 YEAR OLD MALES: ________________ 15 YEAR OLD FEMALES: _______________ APPROXIMATE CALORIE INTAKES

  22. CHAPTER 7.4 KEY TERMS • _____________________- MEASURE OF THE NUTRIENTS IN A FOOD COMPARED WITH THE ENERGY THE FOOD PROVIDES • EMPTY CALORIES • VEGETARIAN- DIETARY PATTERN THAT ________________________________ ________________________________

  23. NUTRITION STARTING YOUNG • ________________- SOFT FOODS SUCH AS CEREALS, PUREED FRUITS & VEGETABLES • _______________- FOLLOW THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID BUT CHOOSE SMALLER SERVINGS

  24. Physical Activity Recommendations for Middle and High Schoolers • ___________ /day • Most activities should be moderate- or vigorous-intensity 24

  25. Moderate physical activities __________ briskly (about 3½ mph) Hiking _____________ ___________ (less than 10 mph) Weight training (general light workout) 25

  26. Vigorous physical activities ____________/jogging (5 mph) Bicycling (more than 10 mph) ____________ (freestyle laps) Aerobics Walking very fast (4½ mph) ______________ (competitive) 26

  27. ATHLETES SPECIAL DIETARY NEEDS • HIGH IN _______________ • PLENTY OF ____________ RECOMMENDED FLUID INTAKE FOR ATHLETES • 2 HOURS BEFORE ACTIVITY- 2 CUPS • IMMEDIATELY BEFORE ACTIVITY- 2 CUPS • EVERY 15 MINUTES DURING ACTIVITY- 1 CUP • ***AFTER ACTIVITY- ____ _______________________ _______________________

  28. EATING WELL DURING PREGNANCY • _____________ ADDITIONAL CALORIES EACH DAY

  29. HOW MUCH SUGAR IS IN A CAN OF SODA???

  30. VEGANS • DO NOT EAT ANY _____________________ • LOWER RISK OF ______________________________________________________________, & CERTAIN TYPES OF CANCER • MAY BE LACKING IN PROTEIN & CALCIUM

  31. CHAPTER 8.1 KEY TERMS • HUNGER- BODY’S _________________________ TO THE NEED FOR FOOD • APPETITE- ________________, RATHER THAN THE NEED, TO EAT CERTAIN FOODS • ________________________________- MINIMUM AMOUNT OF ENERGY REQUIRED TO KEEP THE BODY ALIVE WHEN IN A RESTED & FASTING STATE • _________________- BEING HEAVY FOR ONE’S HEIGHT • OBESITY- HAVING EXCESS BODY FAT FOR ONE’S WEIGHT; THE STATE OF _________________________ ______________________________________________

  32. WHAT INFLUENCES YOUR FOOD CHOICES??? • ADS

  33. EXCESS EXCESS EXCESS ________ FAT __________ GLYCOGEN BODY FAT

  34. ___________________ • AMOUNT OF FOOD ENERGY TAKEN IN IS EQUAL TO THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY YOU USE.

  35. BEING OVERWEIGHT CAN CAUSE MANY HEALTH PROBLEMS • __________________ ___________________ • CERTAIN FORMS OF CANCER, INCLUDING PROSTATE, COLON, & BREAST CANCER • ____________________ • SLEEPING PROBLEMS SUCH AS SLEEP APNEA

  36. OVERWEIGHT AMERICA http://www.ronjones.org/Weblinks/childobesity.html

  37. CHAPTER 8.2 KEY TERMS • HEREDITY- PASSING DOWN OF ___________________ TO THEIR BIOLOGICAL CHILDREN • BODY COMPOSITION- PROPORTION OF BODY WEIGHT THAT IS MADE UP OF ___________________________ _____________________________________________ • __________________________ (BMI)- INDEX OF WEIGHT IN RELATION TO HEIGHT THAT IS USED TO ASSESS HEALTHY BODY WEIGHT • WEIGHT MANAGEMENT- PROGRAM OF SENSIBLE EATING AND EXERCISE HABITS THAT KEEP WEIGHT AT A HEALTHY LEVEL • FAD DIET- DIET THAT REQUIRES A MAJOR CHANGE IN EATING HABITS AND ____________________________

  38. BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) • BMI= _____________ __________________ __________________ __________________ • 205 / 72 / 72 X 703 = 27.8

  39. Healthy Weight: Assessing Your Weight: Body Mass Index (BMI) | DNPAO | CDC

  40. FAD DIETS __________________ __________________ DANGEROUS WEIGHT LOSS PRACTICES

  41. TYPES OF DIETS & DIET PRODUCTS • __________________________________ • LIQUID FORMULAS • ________________________ • FASTING • ____________________________

  42. Eating Disorders

  43. 8.3 KEY TERMS • _________________________ - HOW YOU SEE AND FEEL ABOUT YOUR APPEARANCE AND HOW COMFORTABLE YOU ARE WITH YOUR BODY • _______________________________- EATING DISORDER THAT INVOLVES SELF-STARVATION, A DISTORTED BODY IMAGE AND LOW BODY WEIGHT • _______________________________- EATING DISORDER IN WHICH THE INDIVIDUAL REPEATEDLY EATS LARGE AMOUNTS OF FOOD & THEN USES BEHAVIORS SUCH AS VOMITING OR USING LAXATIVES TO RID THE BODY OF FOOD • _______________________________- EATING A LARGE AMOUNT OF FOOD IN ONE SITTING USUALLY ACCOMPANIED BY A FEELING OF BEING OUT OF CONTROL • ___________________________- ENGAGING IN BEHAVIORS SUCH AS VOMITING OR MISUSING LAXATIVES TO RID THE BODY OF FOOD

  44. What are eating disorders? • Conditions that involve an unhealthy degree of concern about body weight & shape & that may lead to efforts to _____________________________________________________.

  45. 3 types of eating disorders • ____________________ • Anorexia nervosa • _____________________

  46. Bulimia nervosa: the diet-binge-purge disorder • Person binge eats. • ___________________________ while eating. • ____________________________, exercises, or fasts to get rid of the calories. • Diets when not bingeing. Becomes hungry and binges again. • Preoccupation with body weight. • Blood shot eyes & sore throat • ______________________ • Depression & mood swings • Weight may be normal or near normal unless anorexia is also present.

  47. Anorexia nervosa: the relentless pursuit of thinness • Intense fear of weight gain • _______________________ • _______________________ • Preferring to eat alone • Preoccupied with _______________ • Extreme weight loss • Loss of menstrual periods for at least 3 months • ____________________________ • Depression & anxiety • Weakness & exhaustion

  48. Binge eating disorder: • ________________________________ • Bingeing episodes accompanied by feelings of guilt, shame, & loss of control

  49. Treatments for eating disorders • ___________________ counseling • __________________ counseling • Medical counseling • Family counseling

  50. Dangers of eating disorders • Hair loss • Dental problems • Broken blood vessels in the face & eyes • Dry, scaly skin • _____________________________ • Loss of menstrual period in females • ___________________________________ • Heart irregularity • __________________________ • Death

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