第三章 创建选区

1. 第三章创建选区

2. Chapter3 Create Selection

3. 本章要点 • 掌握不同的创建规则和不规则选区的途径，包括选框工具、套索工具、魔棒工具的使用，“颜色范围”命令的使用等 • 掌握并了解选区的相加、相减和相交 • 掌握使用钢笔工具创建路径的方法，熟练掌握选区和路径之间的转换 • 正确使用“抽出”命令提取具有复杂边缘的图像

4. Learning points : • Master the different constituencies to create regular and irregular channels, including Marquee tool, Lasso tool, Mobanggongju the use of "color range" command of the use of • Grasp and understand the add, subtract and intersect of the selection • master the pen tool to create a path way ,master the conversion between the constituency and the path • Use "out" command Properly, extract the edge of the image with complex

5. 对应考点 • 掌握通过选择工具和选择命令创建并修改选区的各种方法 • 掌握抗锯齿和羽化选项对选区的影响 • 熟练使用Alpha 通道快速蒙版创建选区

6. Corresponding test point • Control by selecting the tool and choose the command to create and modify the various methods of selection • Control anti-aliasing and feathering options on the selection • Familiar with Alpha Channel Quick Mask to create selection

7. 3.1　基本概念 使用选框工具创建选区时，要清楚，像素是图像的基本组成单元，制作选区时不可能选择半个像素。另外，选区可以有256个级别，这和通道中256 级灰度是对应的，因为有灰度级别，所以选区也是有级别之分。

8. 3.1Basic Concept When you create a constituency using the Marquee tool, make clear that the image pixel is the basic unit of production of constituencies can not select half pixel. In addition, the constituency can have 256 levels, and channel 256 which is corresponding to the gray, because gray-level, it is also a level of sub-constituency.

9. 3.2　创建选区的基本方法 Adobe Photoshop 中，要对图像的局部进行编辑，首先要通过各种途径将其选中，也就是所说的创建选区。用选框工具选中所要编辑的区域后，就可以移动、拷贝、填充颜色或执行一些特殊的效果。制作选择范围的方法有很多种，可以根据具体情况的需要使用最方便的方法来创建选区。

10. 3.2The basic method of creating selection In Adobe Photoshop, it is necessary to edit the image of the partial, first through a variety of ways to select, which is said to create selection. With the Marquee tool to select the area you want to edit, you can move, copy, fill colors, or perform some special effects. Production method of choice there are many, according to the specific circumstances of the need to use the most convenient way to create a selection.

11. 规则选框工具 规则选框工具包括矩形选框工具、椭圆选框工具、单行选框工具和单列选框工具。

12. Rules Marquee Tool Rules Marquee tool, including the Rectangular Marquee Tool, Elliptical Marquee tool, Marquee tools and a separate one-line box tool.

13. 消除锯齿选项选中前后的对比图 图3-1-1 图3-1-2

14. Anti-aliasing option is selected before and after comparison chart Figure 3-1-1 Figure 3-1-2

15. 使用选框工具的技巧： 在按住Alt键的同时单击工具箱中的选框工具，即可在矩形和椭圆形选框工具之间切换。在使用工具箱中的其他工具时，按键盘上的M 键，即可切换到选框工具。按住Shift 键的同时拖曳鼠标来创建选区，可得到正方形或正圆的选择范围。同时按住Alt和Shift 键，可形成以鼠标的落点为中心的正方形或正圆的选区。 在形成椭圆或矩形选区时，用鼠标由左上角开始拖曳。若想使选择区域以鼠标的落点为中心向四周扩散，按住Alt键的同时拖曳鼠标即可。制作完成的选择范围可通过执行“选择> 存储选区”命令存储在“通道”调板中，下次使用的时候执行“选择> 载入选区”命令调入即可。

16. Use the Marquee tool tips: While holding down the Alt key while you click the Marquee tool in the toolbox, you can in the rectangular and elliptical Marquee tool to switch between. In the use of other tool in the toolbox, press the M key on the keyboard can toggle to the Marquee tool. Hold down the Shift key while dragging the mouse to create a selection, available square or perfect circle of choice. While holding down the Alt and Shift keys, the mouse impact point can be formed as the center of the square or perfect circle in the selection. Selection in the formation of oval or rectangular, use the mouse drag from the upper-left corner. If you want to select the region to the mouse impact point for the center to spread around, hold down the Alt key and drag the mouse. Range of options can be produced through the implementation of the "Select> Storage selection" command is stored in the "channel" palette, the next time use an "opt-> load selection" command can be transferred.

17. 魔棒和套索工具 1．魔棒工具 魔棒工具是基于图像中相邻像素的颜色近似程度来进行选择的。 在魔棒工具选项栏中一个非常重要的选项即“容差”，它的数值范围为0-255。“容差”数值越大，表示可允许的相邻像素间的近似程度越大，选择范围也就越大；“容差”数值越小，魔棒工具所选的范围就越小。图3-1-4 和图3-1-5 所示的是“容差”数值分别为20 和60 时，用魔棒工具单击图像的沙土部分所得到的选择范围。

18. Magic wand and lasso tools 1． Magic wand tool Magic wandtoolis based on the color of adjacent pixels on the image to approximate the degree to choose. Options bar in Magic wand has a very important option that is "tolerance", and its value range is 0-255. "Tolerance," the greater value that the permissible degree of approximation between neighboring pixels larger, the greater range of options; "tolerance," coefficients are smaller, the smaller the range Mobanggongju selected. Shown in Figure 3-1-4 and Figure 3-1-5 is the "tolerance" values were 20 and 60, with some sand Mobanggongju click the image obtained by choice.

19. 图3-1-4 图3-1-5

20. Figure 3-1-4 Figure3-1-5

21. 2．套索工具 工具箱中包含3 种不同类型的套索工具：自由套索工具、多边形套索工具和磁性套索工具。 图3-1-6 所示为使用自由套索工具拖曳鼠标过程中的样子，图3-1-7所示为松开鼠标后形成的选区。

22. 2．Lasso tool Kit includes 3 different types of lasso tool: free lasso tool, polygon lasso tool and magnetic lasso tool. Figure 3-1-6 shows the lasso tool to drag the mouse to use the free course of the way, as shown in Figure 3-1-7 formation to release the mouse button selection.

23. 图3-1-6 图3-1-7

24. Figure 3-1-6 Figure 3-1-7

25. 多边形套索工具 自由套索工具加按Alt键后可变成多边形套索工具，也可直接在工具箱中选择此工具。多边形套索工具可产生直线型的多边形选择区。

26. Polygonal Lasso Tool Free press Alt key plus the lasso tool into a polygonal lasso tool after, but also directly in the toolbox, select this tool. Polygonal Lasso tool to generate linear polygon selection.

27. 磁性套索工具 磁性套索工具可在拖曳鼠标的过程中自动捕捉图像中物体的边缘以形成选区。选中工具箱中的磁性套索工具，会弹出其工具选项栏，包括了以下选项设置： 羽化、消除锯齿、宽度、边对比度、频率 通常来讲，设定较小的“宽度”和较高的“边对比度”，会得到较准确的选择范围；反之，设定较大的“宽度”和较小的“边对比度”，得到的选择范围会比较粗糙。

28. Magnetic Lasso Tool Magnetic Lasso tool to drag the mouse in the process of automatically capturing images of objects edges to form a constituency. Select the magnetic lasso tool in the toolbox will pop up the tool options bar, including the following option:     Eclosion, anti-aliasing, width, edge contrast, the frequency Generally, the smaller set "width" and higher "edge contrast", will be more accurate range of options; the other hand, the larger set "width" and smaller "edge contrast" obtained range of options would be more rough.

29. 选中磁性套索工具，根据图像的情况，在磁性套索选项栏中进行有关的数字设定，然后将光标移动到边缘的某一部位，单击鼠标确定起始点，然后沿着图像边缘拖曳鼠标，就会出现路径，并且会自动增加固定锚点，如图3-1-8 所示。 图3-1-8 图3-1-9

30. Select the Magnetic Lasso tool, according to the image of the situation, the Magnetic Lasso options bar for the digital set, and then move the cursor to the edge of a site, click the mouse to determine the starting point, and then along the edge drag the mouse, the path will appear and will automatically increase the fixed anchor, as shown in Figure 3-1-8. Figure3-1-8 Figure3-1-9

31. 色彩范围命令的使用 “色彩范围”命令是一个利用图像中的颜色变化关系来制作选择区域的命令。除了以颜色差别来确定选取范围外，它还综合了选择区域的相加、相减、相似命令，以及根据基准色选择等多项功能。 1．颜色容差 2．选择区域的增减 3．预视区 4．选区预览

32. The use of color range command "Color range" command is a color change of image in relation to production of selected area of command. In addition to the color difference to determine the selected range, it also combines the selected area of addition, subtraction, similar to the command, and under the base color options and many other features. 1．Color Tolerance 2．Select increase or decrease in the region 3．Preview Zone 4．Selection Preview

33. 色彩范围命令的使用实例 图3-1-10 图3-1-11

34. The use of color range command example Figure 3-1-10 Figure 3-1-11

35. 4．选区预览 控制图像窗口中图像的显示方式，更精确地表现出将制作出的选择区域。有5 种不同的选择。 无：不显示选择区域。即无论所做选择区域的形状如何，图像窗口中不发生任何变化，如图3-1-12 所示。 灰度：以灰度图来表示选择区域。如图3-1-13 所示。

36. 4．Selection Preview Control the image window, the image is displayed, a more accurate demonstration of the selected area will produce. 5 different choices.     None: do not show selected area. That is, whether the choices made and how the shape of the region, the image window is not any change, as shown in Figure 3-1-12.     Gray: The gray image to represent the selected area. As shown in Figure 3-1-13.

37. 图3-1-12 图3-1-13

38. Figure 3-1-12 Figure 3-1-13

39. 黑色杂边：显示黑色背景。如图3-1-14 所示。 白色杂边：显示白色背景。如图3-1-15 所示。 图3-1-14 图3-1-15

40. Black miscellaneous side: shows a black background. As shown in Figure 3-1-14. White Hybrid Edge: Display a white background. As shown in Figure 3-1-15. Figure3-1-14 Figure3-1-15

41. 快速蒙版：以快速蒙版来表现选择区域。如图3-1-16 所示。 图-1-16

42. Quick Mask: The Quick Mask to the performance of selected area. As shown in Figure 3-1-16. Figure3-1-16

43. 5．选择单一颜色或色调除了以上用法外，“色彩范围”命令还可以用图像中某些特定的单一颜色来确定一个新的选择区域，该选项可以通过对话框最上方的“选择”弹出菜单中的选项来设定。5．选择单一颜色或色调除了以上用法外，“色彩范围”命令还可以用图像中某些特定的单一颜色来确定一个新的选择区域，该选项可以通过对话框最上方的“选择”弹出菜单中的选项来设定。 缺省状态时，Photoshop 将以吸管吸取得到的颜色作为基准色。除此之外，还可以选择红、绿、蓝、黄、品、青、高光、暗调、中间调或溢色等内容作为选择区域的基准色。

44. 5．Select a single color or hue addition to the above usage, the "color range" command can also use images in a single specific color to determine the choice of a new area, the options dialog to the top through the "options" pop-up menu The option to set.    Default state, Photoshop will draw straws as the base color by color. In addition, you can choose red, green, blue, yellow, goods, green, high light, dark tone, middle tone or color, etc overflow area as a benchmark for color selection.

45. 3.3　修改选区 选区相加 选择矩形选框工具拖曳形成一个矩形选区，然后在矩形选框工具的选项栏中单击图标，或在按住Shift 键的同时，再用此工具拖曳出一个矩形选区，如图3-1-17 所示。此时所用工具的右下角便出现“＋”符号，松开鼠标后所得的结果是两个选择范围的并集，如图3-1-18 所示。

46. 3.3Modify Selection Add Selection Select the Rectangular Marquee tool drag a rectangle formed constituency, and then in the Rectangular Marquee tool options bar click the icon, or hold down the Shift key at the same time, then this tool to drag out a rectangle constituency, shown in Figure 3-1 -17 shown. Lower right corner of the tool at this time there would be "+" sign, release the mouse, the result of the scope of the two options and set, as shown in Figure 3-1-18.

47. 图3-1-17 图3-1-18

48. Figure3-1-17 Figure3-1-18

49. 选区相减 对已经存在的选区可以利用选框工具将原有选区减去一部分。 图3-1-19 图3-1-20

50. Subtraction of selection To the existing selection you can use the Marquee tool as part of the original Subtract. Figure3-1-19 Figure3-1-20