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Research and development as the basis for innovation: A view from the research sector

Research and development as the basis for innovation: A view from the research sector. Jiří Drahoš Czech Academy of Sciences. Key EU documents. Lis bon Strategy, creation of the E uropean R esearch A rea (ERA) , 2000 EU: 3 % G DP = 1 % public + 2 % private

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Research and development as the basis for innovation: A view from the research sector

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  1. Research and development as the basis for innovation: A view from the research sector Jiří Drahoš Czech Academy of Sciences

  2. Key EU documents • Lisbon Strategy, creation ofthe European Research Area (ERA), 2000 EU: 3%GDP = 1%public + 2%private Czech Rep.: 1.55% 0.62% + 0.93% • Aho Report: "Creating an Innovative Europe", 2006 • Green Paper - The European Research Area: New Perspectives, 2007 • The Community Framework for State Aid for Research and Development andInnovation, 2008

  3. Czech strategy and innovation documents • Law on aid for R&D, 2002 • National research and development policy, 2004 • National innovation policy, 2005 • Long-term basic research guidelines, 2005 • Revised law on aid for R&D, 2009

  4. Main problems in the R&D and innovation system • Poor links betweenindividual research areas • PublicR&D support fragmented • Inadequatespending on R&D • Lack of Europeanresearch infrastructure • Inappropriate methodology for assessing R&D results • Lowresearchernumbers • Poor salaries • Too few university graduatesin technical andscientificdisciplines

  5. Problems in applying R&D results in Czechindustry • Growth of low-tech industry • Small proportion of industry providing high added value • Low demand from businesses: Czech companies do not ask for R&D results (either domestic or foreign) • Unsatisfactory system of aid for cutting-edge innovation: - lack of financial resources - businesses struggling to survive - innovation = buying technology and know-how - scant involvement of businesses in EU framework programmes

  6. Basic aims of R&D and innovation reforms • Simplify aid for research and development • Slash the number of budget chapters (currently 22) • Support and encourage excellence in research and ensure its results are used to promote innovation • Make aid programmes for R&D conditional on cooperation based on joint public and private funding • Make the organisation of public research more flexible • Ensure the supply of experts in research, development and innovation • Get the Czech Republic fully involved in international cooperation in R&D and innovation

  7. Problem of assessing R&D results: Poorly conceived changes in methodology YearImpact journal Technology PatentsUtility model* 2005 10 x (IF/med IF) 252525 2006 4 + dtto 75 50/100 25 2007 5 + 15 x dtto 75 50/500 25 2008 5 + 140 x F***10040/200/500**40 *also prototype, application of the methodology, working model, authorised SW **Unused/licence/EPO, USPTO, Japan ** Factor=(1-N)/(1+(N/0,14), where N=(P-1)/Pmax-1) P- journal rankingaccording to WoS Pmax- total number of journalsin WoS category

  8. Inappropriate assessment methods: Consequences for development and innovation Changesin thepoints rate (= CZK) in the2007/2003period Beneficiary Patent Technology Utility model (points:25»40/200/500 25»100 25»40) Acad. Sciences 1.1 0.6 3 Univ’ties2.3 1.4 27 Businesses 10 1.1 10 SPO 0.7 0.8 8

  9. Key faults in assessment methods • Do not complywith the basic aims of the reforms: -do not support excellence in either research or development or innovation - prioritise quantity over quality (thus promoting mediocrity) - adversely affect motivation of those involved - hamper international cooperation (institutionsheavily involved in foreign cooperation are‘penalised’by reduction of points forjoint publications) • Unsystematicallymix up outcomes ofbasic and applied research

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