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Star formation and submm/far-IR luminous galaxies. Andrew Blain Caltech 26 th May 2005. Kyoto COSMOS meeting. Resolved `example’: the Antennae. ISOCAM. Excellent example of distinct opt/UV and IR luminosity BUT modest luminosity
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Star formation and submm/far-IR luminous galaxies Andrew Blain Caltech 26th May 2005 Kyoto COSMOS meeting
Resolved `example’: the Antennae ISOCAM • Excellent example of distinct opt/UV and IR luminosity • BUT modest luminosity • Interaction long known, but great luminosity unexpected • ~90% energy escapes at far-IR wavelengths • Resolved images important • Relevant scales ~1” at high redshift HST WFPC2 CSO/SHARC-2 Dowell et al.
Current status and questions • The most luminous high-z galaxies emit most radiation in far-IR • Associated with forming ellipticals/bulges? Arguments: space density, dynamical CO mass, clustering • All will be better established by COSMOS • Need to find these things ‘ULIRGs’ - few 1012Lo • MAMBO (Eva Schinnerer & MPI/Bonn) and BOLOCAM (James Aguirre, U Colorado / CSO Caltech) • MAMBO 1.25mm, 1mJy RMS over 0.13 deg2 • BOLOCAM 1.1mm, 2.5 mJy RMS over 0.28 deg2 • I.e. BOLOCAM 3x coarser resolution, 3x higher noise, 2x wider area • BOLOCAM noise very uniform: can probe fluctuations from faint sources, at 1- level • Reasonable coverage over 15% of HST COSMOS • Future APEX/SCUBA-2 survey for whole region • Knowledge of properties of far-IR/submm galaxies properties link to Spitzer strategies - in addition to BzK selection
Multiwavelength details • Radio (RMS~10Jy) is just adequate to reach the most luminous galaxies over z~1-2 • Ground-based photometry will help with a real test of viability of photo-z’s for these objects - how red and recognizable? • X-ray data over uniquely large field will identify the minority of powerful AGN in the sample • can use limits from Spitzer/submm to better assess opacity in AGN • Can they be identified with red objects? • WFC3 • IF HST is serviced COSMOS may be key beneficiary
Spitzer colors/fluxes • Spitzer rest near-IR and mid-IR red sources can be ID’ed as submm galaxies with reasonable efficiency • 8/4.5 > 1, 24/8 >3 is reasonable cut • Met by COSMOS observations • Should provide decent sample of high-z ULIRGS for LSS 24m / 8m 8m / 4.5m Big symbols are submm galaxies (SMGs): size scales with z Small symbols Lockman Hole & GOODS-N Spitzer galaxies
Appropriate Spitzer depths • 24/8m vs 24m • Large: SMGs • Small: IRAC • Lockman & GOODS-N • Most existing examples found if sensitivity is to 100Jy at 24m • Need to go ~30 times deeper at 8m 24m/8m color 24m flux
Summary • COSMOS contains largest mm-wave images • Still at relatively early stage • Much better multiwavelength coverage than other fields • AGN - starburst discrimination • Spitzer data will assist dramatically • If deep enough to exploit to identify mid-IR bright galaxies in color-color space • Limits on far-IR properties of the zoo of interesting lower-z objects are valuable • Pathfinder for future instruments: APEX, SCUBA-2 & ultimately ALMA