Rise and Fall of Barbarians and Vikings in the Byzantine Empire

1. CHAPTER 10THE BARBARIANS AND VIKINGSP135

2. The Western Roman Empire fell to the barbarians, Eastern Empire (Byzantine Empire)resisted attackPut up fine buildings, new university, people grew wealthy from tradingLanguage was GreekChristian church split – west was Roman Catholic, east was Eastern Orthodox THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE - Eastern

3. Germanic Tribes - Barbarians Nomads, uncivilized, wore clothing of rough cloth and animal skins Carried spears, swords, battle axes Laws were different than Roman system – example Often fought each other, took pride in their bravery Lived on the edge of Roman Empire

4. Germanic Tribes

5. They lived so close together that their cultures started to mix • Germans used Greek/Roman language to write their own • Roman began to wear furs, wore blond wigs • Germans joined Roman armies, married Roman women • All nice at first, but then the barbarians wanted adventure and power of their own • They were also forced off their lands by the Huns (Attila the Hun) and into the Roman Empire

6. The Huns

7. The Goths • Germans left Roman armies and joined this group • Entered Rome, Italy and took it • Destroyed much of the city and stole what they could

8. The Vandals • Attacked city of Rome in AD 455 • Looted and destroyed everything • Moved into Spain and northern Africa

9. Roman Empire Falls • After several different attacked from tribes and armies, the Roman Empire fell • Many Romans buried their treasures to keep them from the attackers • No new schools, few studied art or literature or science – Middle Ages or Dark Ages • Barbarians set up new states, kings ruled • Language changed- different in each state • Only the Christian church kept its power

10. Franks and Charlemagne • Charles the Great or Charlemagne was king of the Franks, German tribe • Ended up ruling all the lands that would one day be France • Showed an interest in education and in Christian religion • Crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the pope • Built schools, learned to read Latin, and worked closely with the church

11. Charlemagne’s Empire • When Charlemagne died, his empire went to his son, Louis I • It began to crumble • Finally divided, lands would become France, Germany, and part of Italy

13. Northmen or Vikings • Vikings from Norway, Sweden, and Denmark began to attack England, Scotland, Ireland, France, Spain, and Italy • Were adventurers, loved sailing and fighting • Some settled in Russia, France, England • Became known as Normans

14. Eric the Red and Leif Ericson • Eric the Red exiled from his home in Iceland, settled in Greenland • Had a son named Leif Ericson – sailed east and found North America, called it Vineland but did not stay there

15. William, Duke of Normandy • 1066 decided to make himself King of England • Fought English in Battle of Hasting, killed English King Harold • Became the 1st king of England that wasn’t English • Known as William the Conqueror

16. Gifts of the Vikings • Turned to a new religion – Christianity • Raiding ended • Kept sea travel alive • Used their fine ships and sailing skills to travel and explore • Left decorated buildings and ships with carved dragon heads and carved animals