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Introduction to Insects

Introduction to Insects. Insects and their relatives How insects rule the world Insect anatomy and biology. Outline. Arthropods are numerous and diverse Insects (beetles, flies, moths, earwigs, aphids) Arachnids (spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions)

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Introduction to Insects

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  1. Introduction to Insects

  2. Insects and their relatives How insects rule the world Insect anatomy and biology Outline

  3. Arthropods are numerous and diverse Insects (beetles, flies, moths, earwigs, aphids) Arachnids (spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions) Crustaceans (crayfish, crabs, lobsters, sowbugs) Centipedes, millipedes Exoskeleton is a hard outer shell Jointed appendages, segmented body Not arthropods: slugs, snails, earthworms Insects and their relatives

  4. Basic insect body plan Head Thorax Abdomen

  5. Basic insect body plan Abdomen Thorax Head

  6. Cephalothorax Abdomen Basic arachnid body plan

  7. Basic arachnid body plan Abdomen Cephalothorax

  8. Insects • 3 body regions • 1 pair of antennae • 3 pair of legs • 2 pair of wings • Arachnids • 2 body regions • No antennae • 4 pair of legs • No wings

  9. There are more insects than all other plants and animals combined There are more than 1 million different species 1 out of every 5 animals is a beetle! Insects rule the world!

  10. Why are insects so successful? Small size Multigenerational Flight Metamorphosis Wide variety in food choices Wide variety in habitat resources © Marlin E. Rice

  11. Insect metamorphosis Incomplete metamorphosis: egg, nymph, adult e.g., grasshoppers, true bugs Complete metamorphosis: egg, larva, pupa, adult e.g., beetles, butterflies, flies Images from Cornell University, Http://nides.bc.ca/Assignments/Insects/Metamorphosis3.htm

  12. Carnivore, animal matter Herbivore, plant matter Omnivore, plant and animal matter Detrivore, organic matter Saprophore, decaying matter Insects eat everything

  13. Are these insects? © Marlin E. Rice

  14. How to ID insects: wings beetle true bug grasshopper earwig © Marlin E. Rice © Marlin E. Rice L. Jesse wasp butterfly fly L. Jesse L. Jesse © Marlin E. Rice

  15. How to ID insects: mouthparts Siphoning: butterflies, moths Piercing-sucking: mosquitoes, true bugs Sponging: house fly Chewing: grasshoppers, beetles, praying mantis Images on this page from R. Bessin, University of Kentucky

  16. How to ID insects: antennae freenaturepictures.com

  17. How to ID insects: legs grasping pollen-carrying walking L. Jesse L. Jesse swimming and grasping digging jumping Paul M. Choate, University of Florida © Marlin E. Rice

  18. Summary • There are many keys to help in the accurate identification of insects • Wings, antennae, legs, mouthparts © Marlin E. Rice

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