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Probability and Statistics

Probability and Statistics. By Scott Anderson. Guiding Questions. What are some occupations that use probability on daily basis? Is it possible to flip a coin one hundred times and have it land on heads all one hundred times? Why or why not? Can you use probability to predict the future?.

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Probability and Statistics

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  1. Probability and Statistics By Scott Anderson

  2. Guiding Questions • What are some occupations that use probability on daily basis? • Is it possible to flip a coin one hundred times and have it land on heads all one hundred times? Why or why not? • Can you use probability to predict the future?

  3. Offline Texts

  4. Integrated Mathematics Course IBumby, Douglas R., Richard J. Klutch, Donald W. Collins, and Elden B. Egbers. Integrated Mathenatics Course I. Columbus: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, 1995. Print. This text is a five hundred page, high school level math book. This book received a Flesch-Kincaid Grade level of 9 and a Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease score of 52. The book has complex and abstract levels of meaning since it requires students to think abstractly about problems. The book’s purpose is for students to learn different applications of math which build off concepts that students should have already learned. The text is organized by sections and chapters by topics. There are many graphic and text features for the reader. Pictures and graphs are presented to illustrate ideas and show examples of concepts. The book uses standard English and a few variations. The text will state a concept in words and then will show an example usingpictures, graphs, equations and/or numbers. The text is set up in a formal way by using academic words that are appropriate for each topics. This book requires a great deal of prior knowledge since each topic builds off a previous concept and requires students to use certain mathematical operations. This book requires some cultural knowledge, such as sports and land marks, to understand examples and problems presented. The vocabulary is not too difficult but not too easy. New words are introduced but are followed by a definition.

  5. No Fair!Holtzman, Caren. No Fair! Print. Scholastic Reader Level 2 No Fair! is a children's book that teaches children about the concept of probability. Although it is intended for grades first through third, it can be used as an introduction to probability and statistics for grades nine through ten. Students at this level will already understand the concept of probability and how it is used daily. This will be a good introduction tool because the book is different from the text and can be a fun for the students.

  6. Battleship“Battleship”. Milton Bradley Company, 1931. Board Game. The classic board game Battleship is a good example of probability. The game board is a ten by ten square with an amount of squares being occupied by ships. This board game will be fun for students because they can play a game during class but also learn probability. This is a learning tool that does not require the book which is something students don’t always enjoy using. Students will learn the probability of striking an opponent’s ship on the first attempt and different strategies in attacking. Also, students will learn that as the game progresses there will be less spaces to strike increasing the likely hood of a hit!

  7. Online Texts

  8. The Big WheelPressmin. "Price Is Right -- Showcase Showdown -- $25,000 Moment (Carey)." YouTube. YouTube, 29 Oct. 2009. Web. 26 Sept. 2012. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6dqR9gTcCw>. This is a five minute video that shows three contestants spinning the wheel on The Price Is Right. This video demonstrates the probability of not only spinning the wheel and getting $1 on two spins but also winning money on the bonus spin which requires landing on one of three numbers. Students will be interested in viewing a clip from a game show that is exciting to watch while also using this to practice multiplying fractions to calculate the probability of the two events happening.

  9. Lets Make a DealDjcchs2004. "LMAD: Dismal Worst Piggy Bank Gameplay." YouTube. YouTube, 18 May 2010. Web. 26 Sept. 2012. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4wCAPvkXb7Y>. This two and a half minute video shows two contestants trying to win ten thousand dollars on the game show Lets Make a Deal. Each contestant must pick piggy banks from a set of ten banks, with two banks containing “Zonks”. This video shows the probability of winning money and losing by picking a “Zonk”. In order to win ten thousand dollars contestants must collect ten dollars from the piggy banks. This will interest students because this clip is comical and they can practice calculating the result, where the contestants picked the “Zonks” on the first two selections. This can also be used to practice multiplying fractions by calculating what the probability is to win a certain amount of money or the total prize.

  10. Deal or No Deal"Deal Or No Deal Game Show, TV Show - Play The Deal Or No Deal Game Online - Online Games - NBC Official Site." NBC.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Sept. 2012. <http://www.nbc.com/Deal_or_No_Deal/game/flash.shtml>. This is an online game where students pick a briefcase from a selection of twenty-six. Each case contains a money value from as low as a penny to as high as a million dollars. The player is then asked to open a number of briefcase each round, the number of cases asked to open decreases each round. After each round, the player is offered an amount of money, which is fake, and the player can choose to take it or leave it. The probability of picking a briefcase with a significant amount of money changes from game to game with each selection of briefcases. This will interest students because it is a game they can experience for themselves and gives them a chance to use their probability skills to risk it all or make a deal.

  11. This thirty seconds video shows NBA-Allstar, Dirk Nowitzki making twenty-four consecutive free throws during a playoff game in 2011. This example shows that probability does not always work out perfectly. Dirk Nowitzki made 90% of his free throws that season which would indicate he would miss approximately two in the twenty four attempts. At certain points, the video can be stopped to ask the students questions about what they think will happen next using the knowledge of his free throw percentage and following along with his previous attempts. This video will interest students who are basketball fans and allows them to be fortune tellers by using their knowledge to predict what they think will happen next. BasketballJsidhu004. "Dirk Nowitzki Makes 24 Consecutive Free Throws (NBA Record) *HD*." YouTube. YouTube, 18 May 2011. Web. 26 Sept. 2012. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_PQ8goIESp4>.

  12. Baseball"Algebra: Probability and Statistics." Algebra: Probability and Statistics. Web. 26 Sept. 2012. <http://www.algebra.com/algebra/homework/Probability-and-statistics/>. This website has a number of problems that involve probability and statistics. The problem I chose was finding the probability of a baseball player getting three hits in three at bats. The problem asks the students to draw a probability tree diagram of the possible outcomes. This question requires students to use their knowledge of probability, understand all the possible outcomes and draw a diagram of the outcomes. This problem will catch the attention of students who are interested in baseball and those who enjoy creating diagrams.

  13. Football"Shakin The Southland, a Clemson Tigers Community." Shakin The Southland. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Sept. 2012. <http://www.shakinthesouthland.com/>. This is a website that has charts and graphs from various college football teams, including Clemson University. There are charts and graphs such as the amount of Snaps Taken by a players’ year and Defensive Actions Per 90 Minutes. These graphs and charts can be used to practice student’s reading and understanding of the data. Students who are interested in college sports will like this example because of the topic.

  14. Higher or Lower?"Subtangent.com - Maths - Games - Higher or Lower?" Subtangent.com - Maths - Games - Higher or Lower? N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Sept. 2012. <http://www.subtangent.com/maths/higher-lower.php>. This is an online game where students can predict whether a playing card will be higher or lower than the previous one. This games requires students to use their knowledge of a deck of cards and their probability skills. Skills such as their knowledge of how the probability of picking a card will change with each one shown and understand that once a card is revealed, it does not go back in the deck. Students will be interested in this game because they can try it hands on by playing the online version or using a deck of cards.

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