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The Vietnam War

The Vietnam War. North vs. South. Ho Chi Minh proclaimed Vietnam’s independence from French rule on September 2, 1945 Despite $16 million in technical aid, $127 million in economic aid, and $1 billion in military aid, Ngo Dinh Diem became very unpopular. “Project Beefup” & Immolation.

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The Vietnam War

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  1. The Vietnam War

  2. North vs. South • Ho Chi Minh proclaimed Vietnam’s independence from French rule on September 2, 1945 • Despite $16 million in technical aid, $127 million in economic aid, and $1 billion in military aid, Ngo Dinh Diem became very unpopular

  3. “Project Beefup” & Immolation • American “advisors” jumped from 3,205 in December 1961 to more than 9,000 by the end of 1962 • On June 11, 1963, Buddhist monk Thich Quang Duc immolated himself • Diem murdered on November 1, 1963

  4. Rolling Thunder • ROLLING THUNDER in February 1965 opened the door for more U.S. ground forces • LBJ okayed 50,000 troops in July 1965 and 50,000 more by the end of the year

  5. Public Protest

  6. Ho Chi Minh Trail • At it’s peak use in the mid-1960s, the three-month, 600-mile trek into South Vietnam was able to move an estimated 400 tons of supplies per week and as many as 5,000 men per month

  7. NLF Tunnel System

  8. ’68 Tet Offensive • PHASE ONE = Lure troops away from cities with diversionary attacks around the countryside • PHASE TWO = Viet Cong would then attack the cities times to the lunar Vietnamese holiday

  9. The Year in Deadlock • Civilian review board recommended moving away from “search and destroy” toward “population security” • Support for the war itself remained steady between November 1967 and March 1968, hovering around 45 percent • Johnson’s approval ratings during the same time, which had risen to 40, slumped to an all-time low of 26 percent

  10. Nixon & Kissinger • Nixon & Kissinger firmly defended American commitment in Vietnam • Nixon ordered intensive bombing attacks against North Vietnamese sanctuaries in neutral Cambodia

  11. National Demonstrations

  12. Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW) “How do you ask a man to be the last man to die for a mistake?” ~ John Kerry, 1971

  13. My Lai & Pentagon Papers • The summer of 1971 finally brought the conviction of Lt. William Calley for the My Lai Massacre • The New York Times published the Pentagon Papers, a history of White House decision-making in Vietnam

  14. Vietnam POW Release

  15. Saigon Embassy Airlift

  16. Remembering Vietnam

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