From “Glass” to “Foam Glass”

1. From“Glass”to“Foam Glass” Dec. 2004 ADCO Ltd. - Servicesby Prepared By: Y. Yilmazkaya A journey to cleaner environments & products...

2. Contents The Waste Market The Waste Prices How the Waste is Processed RCEMultisystem HAS Vitrification System HAS Glassfoam System Products Applications Glassfoam Market Why Invest in RCE SYSTEM Technology . . . . environmental friendly technology and products

3. The waste market The waste marked for RCE SYSTEM Technology is: Industrial slag and production waste (contaminated/hazardous waste) Flyash (from solid waste incinerators) Industrial filter dust (contaminated/hazardous waste) Low radioactive residues Sludge - dry (contaminated/hazardous waste) Silica contaminated waste Lamps and tubes all types (containing e.g. mercury residues) Batteries (non automotive) Waste glass (all types) In Europe only, there is more than 10 million tons per year of the above type of waste that can be treated with RCE SYSTEM Technology.

4. The waste prices Prices for waste deposit in Europe have increased in average during the last years - measured against the costs of living indexes. The country, which shows decreasing trend, is Germany that now has adjusted their earlier high prices to the general price level in Europe. Depending on the waste category and region, prices vary from 180 to 1.000 EURO per ton. The total value of the European market for RCE-HAS SYSTEM Technology is estimated to 2 billion EUROs per year.

5. How waste is processed... RCE SYSTEM Technology Process is aworld widepatented method to transformselected waste and residues into an inertglass slag,HASGLASS, which can befurther down-line processed into foam glass. RCE SYSTEM Technology is designed for flexibility in order to optimize the processing of a wide range of waste. That makes the system the most cost-effective,profitable and environmental friendly there is. From waste to environmentally clean products...

6. Step 1 How waste is processed... - Lamps&Tubes - Waste Glass - Windscreens - TV-PC-Tubes RCE- HAS Multisystem Metals (Alu,FE) Glass Residues Step 3 Step 2 HASOPOR Glassfoam RCE- HAS Vitrification System Contaminated Waste RCE-HAS Glassfoam System HASGLASS HASGLASS Non- Recycelable

7. How waste is processed... Step 1.Depending on the toxic wastecharacteristic, thewastes arepassing the first stage through RCE – HAS Multisystem to separateand recycle e.g. glass,metalsand plastics. Step 2 .Toxic residues from theMultisystem, or other types ofcontaminated waste areprocessed through RCE -HASVitrification System toHASGLASS. Step 3.Glass from the Multisystemtogether withHASGLASS fromthe Vitrification System areinthelast stage mixed with anactivator andprocessed tofoamglass.

8. RCE Multisystem To show how RCE SYSTEM Technology processwasteinto new products, we are using fluorescenttubes andlamps as an example.We start theprocess at RCE Multisystem: RCE Multisystem separate glass, magnetic metals, nonmagnetic metals, fluorescent powder and scrap (plastic, bakelite, ceramic) in fractions. The system is working under vacuum and all exhaust air is cleaned for mercury in an active carbon filter. Approximately 80% of the processed tubes & lamps from the Multisystem are clean glass, which in the next step are used to manufacture foamglass. Fragments of metals are separated in magnetic and nonmagnetic fraction. The metals are further upgraded to be recycled in the metal industry like steel and aluminum. When tubular lamps are processed, fluorescent powder (containing mercury) together with plastic, bakelite, ceramic, glass fraction etc. (approx. 5%) may be further processed into HASGLASS through HAS Vitrification System.

9. HAS Vitrification System • The fluorescent powder, classified as hazardous waste, is transported from storing silos through a closed transport system into a plasma furnace. Under high temperature (above15.000°) the hazardous elements and heavy metals evaporate and transports to the filters. The residue, mixed with ordinary glass and other additives, vitrifies to a pure and inert glass, HASGLASS. The off gas from the plasma furnace is cleaned in an advanced gas cleaning system where the evaporated heavy metals, including mercury, are transformed into oxide materials. This material can be further recycled by the non-ferro melting industry. The end product from the vitrification process, HASGLASS, can be used to manufacture HASOPOR through RCE Glassfoam System. The vitrification and filter processes are controlled by an advanced computerized control- and regulation system to ensure high system performance and quality of processed material.

10. HAS Glass Foam System • Clean and crushed glass from RCE Multisystem, with or without HASGLASS from HAS Vitrification System is transported and mixed from storing silos to a ball mill where it is milled down to a fine grain powder. • Clean and crushed glass from RCE Multisystem, with or without HASGLASS from HAS Vitrification System is transported and mixed from storing silos to a ball mill where it is milled down to a fine grain powder. • The fine grain glass powder is further down line mixed with an activator to form a homogeneous activated mixture. The mixture feeds as layer on an endless turning steel belt into a glass foaming oven where it’s passed through different temperature sections. • The end product, glassfoam expands up to a volume 2 to 3 times of the activated glass powder.

11. Products :HASGLASS • HASGLASScan be used “as it is” in the construction industry, or further upgraded to used for sandblasting in the steel construction industry as substitute for quartz-sand (eliminating the danger of cancer), or additive in the cement industry, or processed together with waste glass into HASOPOR through RCE Glassfoam System. • Leaching tests (European NEN 7343 and US EPA) does not detect any leach from heavy metals in HASGLASS. In other word there are more led in a normal crystal glass than in HASGLASS.

12. Products :GLASSFOAM • Glassfoam in it's simplest form, as gravel, is used as: filler, thermal insulation, drainage, replacement of non bearing soil, platforms under constructions, etc. • Properties: high bearing capacity, excellent thermal insulation, no water absorption, no rot, heat resistance (non inflammable), at very low material weight itself can be recycled without any problems. Glassfoam has a wide range of valuable application in the construction industry at compatible price – and is environmental friendly.

13. Glassfoam (Cont.) • Railway constructions • Dam building • - Airports • - Streets and highways • - General building construction • - Piping and drainage • - Sports fields (summer and winter) • - Soil stabilization In more than10 years,Glassfoam has been used in more than 10.000 projects with excellent results...

14. Glassfoam Applications... Heavy Road Contructions in Norway...

15. Glassfoam Applications... Bridge ramp in heavy construction...

16. Glassfoam Applications... Thermal insulation around pools and on roofs... From Extreme Heat to Extreme Cold...

17. Glassfoam Market • Market studies carried out on our request shows that for example onlyinScandinaviathere is a potential marked for more than 500.000 m³glassfoam per year. • Our market study for Germany has independently confirm abovefigure andconcluded that the market in Germany alone is above1.000.000 m³ glassfoamper year at a realistic competitive price of75 EURO per m3. • Glassfoam mixed with concrete for applications in lightweightconstructions areanother potential market where the sales pricesfor calibrated granulate isnearly doubled. “The European marked is too huge to be filled up with glassfoam. The market share for special application on the other hand, is a question of marketing”.

18. Why invest in RSE - HAS Technology ?

19. Many Good Reasons... A Complete Treatment Package Flexible for changes Lower Operating Costs High Return on Investment Environmentally friendly technology & products

20. A Complete Treatment Package... RCE – HAS SYSTEM Technology is first of all a complete treatment package, taking the waste from “as it is” into a new end products with little or any residues from the process.

21. Flexible for changes... Secondly it is designed for a wide range of waste, which makes it more flexible for changes in the market and prices. Furthermore, the business is less vulnerable for price fluctuations in the products market because payment for the raw material (waste) covers partly and up to 100% of the production costs.

22. Lower Operating Costs... Third, the production has a lower operating cost per processed unit and a higher capacity per invested EURO compare to “Skim the milk technology” which still represent the main technology in the recycling business.

23. High Return on Investment... Fourth, acceptable level of profit on investment even for the most successful investor.

24. Environmentally friendly... Fifth, but not last, and which in the future even will have a higher priority: environmental friendly technology and products. Good reasons why RCE SYSTEM Technology is the first choice for economistas well as the technology accommodates the most exacting engineering.

25. For further information... Please contact: Mr. Yalcin Yilmazkaya Adco Ltd. – Servicesby Address: Atatürk S.S. İkinci Kısım 23.Sokak No: 823 Maslak İstanbul - Turkey Tel: + 90 212 285 93 06 Fax: +90 212 276 30 55 E-Mail: y.yilmazkaya@servicesby.com Web : www . se r v i c e s b y . c o m

26. Thank you for your time... ADCO Ltd. – Servicesby TURKEY