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Electrical Power Distribution in America. 49.9 % Coal. 20.3% Natural Gas. 6% Hydro Electric. 20.4% Nuclear. 3.4% Other. http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/pdf/pages/sec7_4.pdf. Power Plant Generation. Turbines Output 11KV to 22KV. Generated Power Distribution.
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49.9 % Coal 20.3% Natural Gas 6% Hydro Electric 20.4% Nuclear 3.4% Other http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/pdf/pages/sec7_4.pdf
Power Plant Generation • Turbines • Output 11KV to 22KV
Generated Power Distribution • Power Plant Turbine Output Voltage Transformed to Higher Voltage • 155,000 volts to 765,000 Volts • Higher voltage, lower current = less line loss
End User • High Distribution Voltage Transformed Down • Common Commercial Substation Voltage • 12,000 Volts • Residential • 7,200 Volts
Commercial End User • Transformed From 12,000 Volts, 3 Phase • 480/277 Volts Three Phase • 208/120 Volts Three Phase
480/277 Volt Rules of Thumb • Phase Conductors Marked • Brown, Orange, Yellow • Neutral – White • Ground – Green • Voltage reading between phases(Brown to Orange, Yellow to Orange, or Yellow to Brown) • 480 volts • Voltage reading phase to neutral(Brown to White, Orange to White, or Yellow to White) • 277 volts
208/120 Volt Rules of Thumb • Phase Conductors Marked • Black, Red, Blue • White - Neutral • Green – Ground • Voltage Reading Between Phases (Black to Red, or Red to Blue or Black to Blue) • 208 Volts • Voltage Reading Phase to Neutral(Black to White, Red to White, Blue to White) • 120 Volts
Residential End User • Transformed From 7,200 Volts • 240/120 Volts Single Phase
Residential Single Phase • 3 Wire’s coming into your home • Black and Red Wires are Hot • 1 White is Neutral • Voltage between the two hot wires(Black to Red) • 240 volts • Voltage between hot and neutral(Either the Black to White or the Red to White) • 120 volts