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Communication and Homeostasis

Understand the crucial need for communication systems in multicellular organisms to respond to internal and external changes, coordinate organ activities, and ensure homeostasis principles. Explore cell signaling, nervous system functions, and key terms like endocrine gland and hormone actions. Dive into physiological and behavioral responses for temperature control in ectotherms and endotherms. Discover negative feedback loops, positive feedback mechanisms, and stimulus monitoring processes. Enhance learning through a flipped classroom approach with engaging tasks and plenary sessions.

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Communication and Homeostasis

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  1. Communication and Homeostasis 5.1.1 a-c FLIP learning 5.1.1 d

  2. Spec • (a) the need for communication systems in multicellular organisms • To include the need for animals and plants to respond to changes in the internal and external environment and to coordinate the activities of different organs. • (b) the communication between cells by cell signalling • To include signalling between adjacent cells and signalling between distant cells. • (c) the principles of homeostasis • To include the differences between receptors and effectors, and the differences between negative feedback and positive feedback.

  3. Spec for Flipped • d) the physiological and behavioural responses involved in temperature control in ectotherms and endotherms. • To include, • endotherms – peripheral temperature receptors, the role of the hypothalamus and effectors in skin and muscles; behavioural responses • ectotherms – behavioural responses. An opportunity to monitor physiological functions in ectotherms and/or endotherms.

  4. Learning ObjectiveSuccess Criteria • Know about homeostasis • Outline the need for communication systems within multi-cellular organisms • Explain the principles of homeostasis

  5. Starter Question • What conditions do you need to consider for efficient enzyme action?

  6. Why do multicellular organisms need communication systems? • Internal Changes • External Changes • Co-ordinate activities of different organs

  7. Cell Signalling • The way in which cells can communicate with each other • Process in which one cell will release a chemical that is detected by another cell. The second cell will respond to the signal released by the first cell

  8. Communication on a cellular level • Cell Signalling • Nervous System • Neurones & Synapses • Rapid • Hormonal System • Hormones carried in blood • Only recognised by target cells • Longer term responses

  9. Task: Key terms: What do they mean? • Endocrine gland • Exocrine gland • Hormone • Target Tissue

  10. Answers: Key terms: What do they mean? • Endocrine gland • Secretes hormones directly into the blood • Exocrine gland • Secretes molecules into a duct which carries them to where they are used • Hormone • Molecules released by endocrine glands directly into blood. Act as messengers carrying signal from endocrine gland to target tissue • Target Tissue • Possess specific receptor on their plasma membrane. Shape of receptor is complementary to the shape of the hormone molecule.

  11. Negative Feedback Loop

  12. Answer: Negative Feedback Loop Optimum conditions Effector reacts to reverse change Change away from optimum Communication system informs effector Return to optimum Receptor detects change

  13. Freeze Screen! Can students work out the stages from the songs? Write answers on mini whiteboards

  14. Stimulus Monitoring Receptor Control Centre Effector Response Can you make a better memory prompt than I could? List the songs for each step? Change

  15. Task • Using information on negative feedback complete the feedback loop for the example given

  16. Positive Feedback • Response to increase the original change • Destabilises the system • E.g. Dilation of the cervix during labour • Cervix stretches • Posterior pituitary gland secretes oxytocin • Causes uterine contractions • Stretches the cervix more • Causes the secretion of more oxytocin

  17. Plenary • Past paper questions

  18. Homeostasis Jan 12

  19. Homeostasis Jan 12 Markscheme

  20. Task: FLIP Learning • How do Ectotherms maintain a core body temperature? • Behavioural Responses • How do Endotherms maintain a core body temperature? • Physiological Responses • With reference to peripheral temperature receptors, hypothalamus & effectors in skin and muscles • Behavioural Responses

  21. Spec for Flipped • d) the physiological and behavioural responses involved in temperature control in ectotherms and endotherms. • To include, • endotherms – peripheral temperature receptors, the role of the hypothalamus and effectors in skin and muscles; behavioural responses • ectotherms – behavioural responses. An opportunity to monitor physiological functions in ectotherms and/or endotherms.

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