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Confined Space Entry

Confined Space Entry. Agenda. Introduction and Objectives Corporate Policy Requirements - WorkSafeBC Regulations Classification of Confined Spaces Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment. Agenda. Confined Space Hazards Atmospheric Testing Ventilation Isolation & Lockout Rescue

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Confined Space Entry

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  1. Confined Space Entry

  2. Agenda • Introduction and Objectives • Corporate Policy • Requirements - WorkSafeBC Regulations • Classification of Confined Spaces • Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment

  3. Agenda • Confined Space Hazards • Atmospheric Testing • Ventilation • Isolation & Lockout • Rescue • General Procedures

  4. Training Objectives • Upon completion of this course attendees will: • Be familiar with the WorkSafeBC requirements and regulation • Know their duties and responsibilities • Understand the types of confined space hazards

  5. Training Objectives • Objectives - continued • Know the types of control measures used to ensure a space is safe • Be able to conduct a pre-entry assessment • Understand procedures for working inside a confined space

  6. Training Objectives • Objectives – continued • Be familiar with the operation of gas detectors • Be able to conduct atmospheric testing • Know what to do in the event of an emergency

  7. Corporate Policy • Insert your corporate confined space policy information here

  8. Regulatory Requirements WorkSafeBC Regulations

  9. WorkSafeBC Regulations • Confined Space Entry - Part 9 • 9.2 - 9.5 - General Requirements • 9.6 - 9.8 - Responsibilities • 9.9 – 9.11 - Hazard Assessment and Work Procedures

  10. WorkSafeBC Regulations • 9.12 - 9.16 - Identification and Entry Permits • 9.17 - 9.23 - Lockout & Isolation • 9.24 - 9.26 - Verification and Testing • 9.27 - 9.29 - Cleaning, Purging, Venting, Inerting

  11. WorkSafeBC Regulations • 9.30 - 9.33 - Ventilation • 9.34 - 9.36 - Standby Persons • 9.37 - 9.41 - Rescue • 9.42 - 9.45 - Lifelines, Harnesses & Lifting Equipment • 9.46 - 9.51 - Personal Protective Eqpt & Other Precautions

  12. Responsibilities • The employer • must have a written confined space entry program • must assign overall responsibility for administration of the confined space entry program to a qualified person or persons

  13. Responsibilities • Supervisors • Ensure that: • pre-entry testing and inspections are conducted • precautions are followed • only authorized workers enter a confined space

  14. Responsibilities • Workers must be instructed and trained in: • the hazards of confined spaces • the precautions identified in written procedures

  15. What Is a Confined Space

  16. What Is A Confined Space • A confined space is an area, other than an underground working, that: • Is enclosed or partially enclosed, • Is not designed or intended for continuous human occupancy,

  17. What Is A Confined Space • A confined space - continued • Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit that may complicate the provision of first aid evacuation, rescue or other emergency response service, and • Is large enough and so configured that a worker could enter to perform assigned work.

  18. What Is An Enclosed Space • Has many of the characteristics of a confined space but does not meet the complete definition. • may be as hazardous as a confined space and may require written procedures for entry.

  19. What Is A Confined Space • Review Confined Space Identification Chart

  20. Identificationand Hazard Assessments Regulation 9.9 – 9.16

  21. Identification and Hazard Assessments • Initial hazard assessments: • identify confined spaces • provide an initial classification of the spaces • aid in maintaining the confined space inventory • must be completed by a qualified person

  22. Identification and Hazard Assessments • Classification is based on atmospheric hazards • There are three classifications: • Low Hazard Atmosphere • Moderate Hazard Atmosphere • High Hazard Atmosphere

  23. Identification and Hazard Assessments • Low Hazard Atmosphere • Contains clean respirable air (same as outside air) according to immediate pre-entry testing • Air quality is not likely to change during the work activity, and • Work will not generate contaminants

  24. Identification and Hazard Assessments • Moderate Hazard Atmosphere • Does not contain clean respirable air, but • Any contaminants in the air are not likely to impair the ability of the worker to escape unaided from the space in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respirator

  25. Identification and Hazard Assessments • Moderate Hazard Atmosphere - continued • Work activity may generate air contaminants • Contaminants are controlled • Worker exposure to the contaminant(s) is not likely to impair the ability of the worker to escape unaided from the space in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respirator

  26. Identification and Hazard Assessments • High Hazard Atmosphere • may expose a worker to risk of death, incapacitation, injury, acute illness or • otherwise impair the ability of the worker to escape unaided from a confined space, in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respirator

  27. Identification and Hazard Assessments • A space may change between entries due to: • Varying atmospheric conditions • Changing hazard status • Identification of new hazards • Changes to access and ventilation

  28. Identification and Hazard Assessments • Pre-Entry Risk Assessments: • identify any changes that may have taken place in the confined space since last entry • act as a permit • provide procedural information

  29. Identification and Hazard Assessments • Therefore, a pre-entry risk assessment MUST be done prior to every entry

  30. Identification and Hazard Assessments • Review the Preliminary Assessment Flow Chart from the written program.

  31. Confined Space Hazards

  32. Confined Space Hazards • Two categories of confined space hazards: • Atmospheric hazards • Physical hazards

  33. Confined Space Hazards • Major Causes of Accidents In Confined Spaces: • Entering without testing • Using air purifying respirators in oxygen deficient atmosphere • Re-entering the space without testing

  34. Confined Space Hazards • Major Causes of Accidents in Confined Spaces - continued • Toxic vapours, gases or dust concentrations • Flammable Gases, Vapours or Dust • Oxygen Deficiency • Electric Shock

  35. Confined Space Hazards • Why Do People Die In Confined Spaces? They: • do not recognize a confined space when they see one • trust their senses • underestimate the danger • do not stay alert • try to rescue other people

  36. Confined Space Hazards • Atmospheric Hazards • The most common hazard and the leading cause of fatalities. They include: • Toxic gases, vapours, dusts, mists • Oxygen deficient (or enriched) • Flammable / Combustible / Explosive

  37. Confined Space Hazards Atmospheric Hazards Oxygen Deficient or Enriched Atmosphere

  38. Confined Space Hazards • Air contaminants and/or oxygen deficiency in confined spaces can be produced from: • Normal processes • Waste materials • Work within the confined space • Sources outside the confined space

  39. Confined Space Hazards • Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Gas effects: • 1 ppm - you can smell it • 10 ppm - 8 hour TWA • 15 ppm - 15 minute STEL • 100 ppm - Loss of smell • 300 ppm - Loss of consciousness (approx. 30 minutes) • 1000 ppm - Immediate respiratory arrest, loss of consciousness, followed by death (paralyses the Phrenic nerve which controls breathing)

  40. Confined Space Hazards In one third of accidents involving toxic gas or oxygen deficiency, the danger was not present in the confined space at the time of the initial entry.

  41. Confined Space Hazards • Fire and Explosion Hazards • The second leading cause of fatalities • Two primary hazards: • Flammable vapours – lead to explosions • Inhalation risks – due to exposure to flammable vapours

  42. Confined Space Hazards

  43. Confined Space Hazards • Fire and Explosion Hazards • Flammable or combustible substances that may be found in confined spaces include: • Flammable Gases • Flammable Liquids • Combustible Liquids • Reactive Flammable Materials

  44. Confined Space Hazards Upper and Lower Explosive Limits (UEL/LEL)

  45. Confined Space Hazards • Sources of Ignition • Open flame • Hot work, e.g. welding • Flammable and combustible substances • Discharge of static electricity

  46. Confined Space Hazards • Eliminate Fuel Sources Prior to Entry • The LEL must be maintained below 20% • Clean out flammable residues prior to entry • Use nonflammable cleaning solvents

  47. Confined Space Hazards • Keep cylinders outside of the space • Check hoses and nozzles for leakage before use • Remove torches & hose assemblies when not in use

  48. Confined Space Hazards • Static Electricity • Caused by friction between two moving substances or objects • Includes the pouring of liquids and powdered solids • More severe in cold weather • Can be eliminated by grounding and bonding

  49. Confined Space Hazards • Physical Hazards may include: • Toxic Materials • Falling • Engulfment • Falling Objects • Noise • Temperature Extremes • Slick/Wet Surfaces • Machinery • Mechanical Equipment • Electric shock • Poor visibility

  50. Confined Space Hazards • Control of Physical Hazards • If entry is necessary: • Inspect the structure through inspection ports where possible • Use mechanical means to dislodge bridges and hung up material

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