1 / 37

Renewable Resources: Biological Emphasis

Renewable Resources: Biological Emphasis. SLATE Winter 2006 Max D. Lechtman. Energy Policy Act - 2005. Energy Efficiency. New Federal Efficiency Standards for household appliances 50,000 MW saved by 2020 Consumers tax credits Energy Efficient Homes-business tax credits

albury
Download Presentation

Renewable Resources: Biological Emphasis

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Renewable Resources:Biological Emphasis SLATE Winter 2006 Max D. Lechtman

  2. Energy Policy Act - 2005

  3. Energy Efficiency • New Federal Efficiency Standards for household appliances • 50,000 MW saved by 2020 • Consumers tax credits • Energy Efficient Homes-business tax credits • Businesses tax deductions • Home Products-manufacturers tax credits

  4. Electricity • Reliability-new mandatory rules • Market Manipulation-strengthens protections • PUHCA Repeal-streamlines 1935 law, encourages investment in infrastructure • Mergers-improved oversight

  5. Hydropower • Relicensing Reforms Easing paperwork will continue cheap electricity

  6. Coal • Clean Coal production-tax credits • Clean Coal Facilities-tax credits • Transportation Fuel-$1billion for research • Reducing Reliance on Foreign Oil & Gas • by 2025 need less oil and gas • Creating New Jobs-55,000 coal miners

  7. Oil • Increased Domestic Production • improved production from existing sites • Increasing Western States Production • streamline permitting process • Innovative Technologies • encourage carbon sequestration

  8. Natural Gas • Developing More Natural Gas • Western States Pilot Program • Eliminates paperwork delays • 7 trillion cubic feet of new gas by 2020

  9. Nuclear • New Nuclear Plants • anticipate up to 19 • Increased Generation • 20,000 to 25,000 megawatts between 2015 and 2020 • Creation of New Jobs • 40,000 to 45,000 in construction • 10,000 high tech plant operations

  10. Wind • New Wind Production • extends tax credit • Increased Capacity • 2,500 megawatts this year • 14,000 megawatts by 2007 • Environmental Issues • Offset 7 billion pounds of Carbon Dioxide

  11. Solar • More Solar Energy Generation • tax incentives • Encourages Consumers • 30% tax credit for homeowners until 1 Jan.’08

  12. Clean Fuels and Vehicles • Environmental Issues • require ethanol to replace MTBE • Lower Prices • decrease special fuels • Hybrid Cars Tax Credit • replaces tax deduction with more generous credit

  13. Ethanol • Economic Gains • Offset 2 billion barrels of oil • Improve farm economy • New Ethanol Plants • More than 150 in the works • Creation of New Jobs +234,840 by 2012

  14. The Rainbow’s End

  15. Anaerobic Process

  16. Selected Biogas Projects • The Cow Train-whole animal & manure • Canadian Municipal Power-cow manure • Antelope Valley-sewage • GM-landfill gas • Direct Fuel Cell-sewage • UC Davis/Garbage

  17. Cow Train

  18. Cow Train • Svensk Biogas Company • Linkoping, Sweden • 30 cows to get the 75 miles from Linkoping to Vastervik • Chop animals into slurry, anaerobic digester produces biogas • Can also use manure and other organic waste Discover, May 2006

  19. Canadian Municipal Power • Ontario Provincial Government • Annual manure production from 5500 cattle will yield sufficient gas to produce: 7000 megawatts 9000 tons of fertilizer

  20. Antelope Valley • Sewage Gas-methane and hydrogen Fuel cell-250 kilowatts Microturbine-250 kilowatts

  21. General Motors • As of Feb. 2005, seven GM Plants use landfill gas for steam operations • Annual savings of $500,000/plant

  22. Direct Fuel Cell • Japanese Industry Group Tests • Biogas/Wastewater Treatment • Evaluated electrical efficiency, exhaust heat recovery, and ability to reduce particulates,nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides • Exceeded Japan’s strict environmental requirements

  23. UC Davis • New Anaerobic Digester Design • Three tons/day of Municipal Garbage: • 600 kilowatts for Campus use • Fertilizer • Materials to make fiberboard

  24. Ethanol

  25. Ethanol • Supplies expected to be tight this summer • 155,000 barrels of MTBE to be replaced per day-but only 25,000 barrels of ethanol available • Spot price $2.60/gallon; more than double last spring • Industry expanding and expects to meet need for E10------what about E85??

  26. Anything Into Oil

  27. Anything Into Oil • Feedstock can be: • Auto Residual Debris • Medical Waste • Municipal Solid Waste • Plastic Bottles • Sewage Sludge • Turkey Offal

  28. Thermal Conversion Process • Feedstock ground into small chunks • Mixed with water • 250 C + 600 pounds/square inch • Release pressure & boil off water • Separate crude hydrocarbons • 500 C • Distill • Can destroy prions

  29. Products % Products OilBiogas Carbon Water Solids Turkey 39 6 5 50 Plastic 70 16 6 8 Sewage 26 9 8 57 Medical Waste 65 10 5 20

  30. Products One ton of Turkey Offal yields approximately: 600 pounds of oils 100 pounds of butane/methane 60 pounds of activated carbon-type material plus good quality liquid plant fertilizer

  31. Anything Into Oil Changing World Technologies Plant Carthage, MO. 400 barrels/day of crude oil, refined to: No. 2—diesel and gasoline No. 4—industrial heating They expect to make a profit with the new Energy Policy Law tax credit.

  32. Biodiesel

  33. Process

  34. Good News • 85% vegetable oil • Standard diesel engine • Non-toxic, biodegradable • Flammable at 350 F • Good lubricant • Cleaner emissions

  35. Bad News • Dissolves paint • will need to wipe spills ASAP • Degrades rubber fuel lines/gaskets • Good solvent • therefore may clog filter • Gels at about 32 F • will need auxiliary heater for cold weather

  36. Bibliography • General Background www.energyjustice.net • Energy Policy Law-2005 www.e85fuel.com/legislation/energy072705.pdf • Ethanolwww.e85fuel.com/e85101/faqs/e85.php?topic=E85101

  37. Bibliography • Biodiesel, www.biofuelsoasis.com/html/basics.html www.biodieselcommunity.org/howitsmade • Anything Into Oil; Lemley, B., Discover April 2006; page 46-51. • All Aboard The Cow Train, Carey, B., Discover May 2006, page 18.

More Related