KEY TERMS FOR TODAY

1. KEY TERMS FOR TODAY • Washington’s Farewell Address= Washington’s advice to stay out of foreign affairs and avoid political alliances (parties). • XYZ Affair= when the French attempted to bribe the U.S. in exchange for diplomacy. • Alien and Sedition Acts= Allowed the government to jail/deport foreigners and prohibited criticism of the government. • Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions = Stated that states can nullify laws that are unconstitutional. • Election of 1800= Set a precedent when power passed peacefully from one party to another.

2. WARM UP • Read “Washington’s Farewell Address on page 165. • What three issues did George Washington warn us about? • How do you think George Washington would feel about the activities of the national government today?

3. PARTISAN POLITICS • ALTHOUGH WASHINGTON WANTED TO REMAIN NEUTRAL IN THE ON GOING WAR BETWEEN BRITAIN AND FRANCE, STAYING OUT OF THE CONFLICT WAS NOT EASY. IN 1800 THE UNITED STATES UNDERWENT ITS FIRST TRANSFER OF POLITICAL POWER, FROM THE FEDERALISTS TO THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS

4. TRADE AND WESTERN EXPANSION • THE FRENCH REVOLUTION BEGAN IN 1789, PUTTING USA IN BAD POSITION W/ FRANCE DECLARING WAR ON BRITIAN • PRESIDENT WASHINGTON DECLARED USA NEUTRAL, BUT BRITISH DID NOT RESPECT NEUTRALITY • SIEZED AMERICAN SHIPS CARRYING GOODS TO FRANCE • OCCUPIED FORTS ON US LAND

5. JAY’S TREATY • WASHINGTON SENT JOHN JAY TO BRITAIN TO NEGOTIATE, AND SIGNED “JAY’S TREATY” • SAID BRITAIN COULD CONTINUE TO SIEZE SHIPS IN EXCHANGE FOR “MOST FAVORED NATION” STATUS. • Ensures fair trading practices • TREATY PREVENTED WAR, PROTECTED ECONOMY…….BUT ALSO REFLECTED AMERICAN WEAKNESS AT THE TIME

6. THE QUASI-WAR W/ FRANCE • ANGERED BY JAY’S TREATY, FRANCE BEGAN SIEZING AMERICAN SHIPS GOING TO BRITIAN • XYZ AFFAIR ANGERS AMERICANS…”MILLIONS FOR DEFENSE, BUT NOT ONE CENT FOR TRIBUTE” • IN 1798, FRANCE AND USA BEGAN FIGHTING AN UNDECLARED WAR AT SEA = “QUASI-WAR W/ FRANCE” • BOTH SIDES STOPPED FIGHTING IN 1800. USA GAVE UP CLAIMS FOR DAMAGES IN RETURN FOR RELEASE FROM TREATY OF 1778.

7. THE ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS • IN 1798, THE FEDERALIST PUSHED THROUGH CONGRESS THE ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS • MEANT TO WEAKEN REPUBLICAN PARTY • IMMIGRANTS MUST WAIT 14 YEARS BEFORE BECOMING A CITIZEN • PRESIDENT HAD POWER TO DEPORT ANY IMMIGRANT • MADE IT A CRIME TO SAY OR PRINT ANYTHING NEGATIVE AGAINST GOV’T (FEDERALIST PARTY)..CALLED SEDITION • OBVIOUSLY REPUBLICANS WOULD BECOME FURIOUS W/ FEDERALISTS

8. THE KENTUCKY AND VIRGINIA RESOLUTIONS • SECRETLY WRITTEN BY JEFFERSON AND MADISON = CRITICIZED ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS • ARGUED THAT STATES HAD CREATED CONSTITUTION, THEY COULD DECLARE FEDERAL LAWS UNCONSTITUTIONAL • LEADS TO THEORY OF INTERPOSITION= STATES COULD INTERPOSE B/W FEDERAL GOV AND PEOPLE TO STOP ILLEGAL ACTION • ADVANCES THEORY OF NULLIFICATION = STATES CAN NULLIFY, OR MAKE VOID FEDERAL LAWS

9. THE ELECTION OF 1800 • FEDERALIST JOHN ADAMS FACED AN UPHILL BATTLE FOR RE-ELECTION • THE REPUBLICAN NOMINEES WERE THOMAS JEFFERSON AND AARON BURR (FOR VP) • DUE TO A FLAW IN OUR SYTEM TO ELECT A PRESIDENT, BURR AND JEFFERSON HAD SAME NUMBER OF VOTES. • THE FEDERALIST CONTROLLED HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HAD TO CHOOSE A PREZ. • HAMILTON URGED SUPPORTERS TO SUPPORT JEFFERSON • ELECTION OF 1800 SHOWED THAT POWER COULD BE TRANSFERRED PEACEFULLY IN THE USA!!!!

10. READ “ONE OF THE MOST INTERESTING SCENES”ANSWER QUESTIONS 1-5. TURN IN WHEN COMPLETE.

11. ACTIVITY • CREATE A CAMPAIGN POSTER THAT SHOWS THE PARTY PLATFORM EITHER THE FEDERALISTS OR THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS. • CREATE A SYMBOL FOR THE PARTY THAT YOU CHOOSE THAT REFLECTS THE PLATFORM OF THE PARTY.

12. REFLECTION • SUMMARIZE IN YOUR OWN WORDS WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED TODAY. HINT…. • WHAT WERE THE POSITIVE OUTCOMES OF JAY’S TREATY? • WHAT WERE THE CAUSES OF THE QUASI-WAR? • HOW DID THE ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS INTERFERE W/ THE LIVES OF AMERICANS? • WHAT IS SIGNIFICANT ABOUT THE ELECTION OF 1800?