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Quiz #4 Chemical Rxns and Safety

Why is it important to avoid eating in a chemistry lab? What is the correct way to write the formula for Chlorine? In the formula (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 What elements are present? How many of each element is present in the formula of ammonium sulfate (in question 3)? Balance the following:

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Quiz #4 Chemical Rxns and Safety

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  1. Why is it important to avoid eating in a chemistry lab? What is the correct way to write the formula for Chlorine? In the formula (NH4)2SO4 What elements are present? How many of each element is present in the formula of ammonium sulfate (in question 3)? Balance the following: __H2 + __N2 __NH3 What does C3H8 (l) symbolize if this is the symbol for propane? Predict the following reaction: __K + __Cl2______ Poisonous chemicals could be left on the desk from previous experiments, eating in lab makes it likely that you will poison yourself. Cl2 N, S, H, and O 2 N, 1 S, (2 x 4 =) 8 H, 4 O 3 H2 + N2 2 NH3 Liquid propane 2 K + Cl2  2 KCl Quiz #4 Chemical Rxns and Safety

  2. Practice Synthesis Rxns • Active metal oxides react with water to form hydroxides. ex: • Na2O + H2O  ________ • Many oxides of nonmetals react with water to form oxyacids. ex: • P2O5 + 3 H2O  _2________ • Some metal oxides react with nonmetal oxides to form salts. • K2O + SO3  ________ • Active metals react with halogens to form salts. • __Na + Br2-  2NaOH H3PO4 K2SO4 2 2 NaBr

  3. __NaOH  __Cr(OH)3  __MgCO3  __KClO3  __Ca(ClO3)2  __Ca(OH)2  2 NaOH  Na2O + H2O 2 Cr(OH)3  Cr2O3 + 3H2O MgCO3  MgO + 3 CO2 2 KClO3 -> 2KCl + 3 O2 Ca(ClO3)2  CaCl2 + 3 O2 Ca(OH)2  CaO + H2O Practice Decomposition reactions

  4. O O O O O O N N N N N N O O O O O O O O O O O O Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX  BY + X • Replacement of a metal in a compound by another metal. 2 Al (s) + 3Pb(NO3)2 3Pb +2 Al(NO3)3 Pb2+ Al Pb2+ Al Pb2+

  5. O O O O O O N N N N N N O O O O O O O O O O O O Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX  BY + X • Replacement of a metal in a compound by another metal. 2 Al (s) + 3Pb(NO3)2 3Pb +2 Al(NO3)3 Pb Al3+ Al3+ Pb Pb

  6. Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX  BY + X • Replacement of a hydrogen in a compound by a metal. 2 Na (s) + 2 H2O (l) 2 NaOH (aq) + H2(g) H O Na Na H H O H

  7. Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX  BY + X • Replacement of a hydrogen in a compound by a metal. Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) Cl Mg H Cl H

  8. Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX  BY + X • Replacement of halogens Cl2(g) + 2 KBr (aq) 2 KCl (aq) + Br2(g) Br Cl K Cl Br K

  9. http://ncsdweb.ncsd.k12.wy.us/roden/Chemistry/Forms%20PDF/Activity%20Series%20Chart.pdfhttp://ncsdweb.ncsd.k12.wy.us/roden/Chemistry/Forms%20PDF/Activity%20Series%20Chart.pdf

  10. Practice: Single Replacement Less active  • Lithium Fluorine • Potassium Chlorine • Barium Bromine • Strontium Iodine • Calcium • Sodium • Magnesium • Aluminum • Manganese • Zinc • Iron • Cadmium • Cobalt • Nickel • Tin • Lead • Hydrogen • Copper • Silver • Mercury • Gold • Elements CANNOT replace anything Above them. The reaction does NOT occur in this situation • Mg + 2 HCl  • 2 Fe + 6 HCl  • Zn + CuCl2  • Cu + ZnCl2  • Ni + PbCl2  • Sn + PbCl2  • Fe + 3 AgNO3  H2 + MgCl2 3 H2 + 2 FeCl3 Cu + ZnCl2 No reaction Pb + NiCl2 SnCl2 + Pb Fe(NO3)3 + 3Ag

  11. O O N N O O O O Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement) • Formation of a precipitate. • 2 KI (aq) + Pb(NO3)2 (aq)  PbI2 (s) + 2 KNO3 (aq) I Pb2+ I K K

  12. Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement) • Formation of a gas. • FeS (s) + 2 HCl(aq)  H2S (g) + FeCl2 (aq) S Fe2+ Cl Cl H H

  13. Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement) • Formation of a water. • NaOH (s) + HCl(aq)  H2O (l) + NaCl2 (aq) H O Na+ Cl H

  14. Combustion Reactions • A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat. 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g)  2 H2O O H O H H H

  15. Combustion Reactions • A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat. C3H8 (g) +5 O2 (g)  4 H2O + 3 CO2 O O O O H O H H H C O C C O H O H H O H O

  16. Combustion Reactions • A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat. C3H8 (g) +5 O2 (g)  4 H2O + 3 CO2 O O H C O O H H H O H H O C H O O C O O H

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