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Amartya Sen Development as Freedom. Lesson Overview. Sen : The BIG Picture Sen : The Roles of Freedom Instrumental Freedoms The world as we know it. Sen : The BIG Picture. “Development as a process of expanding the real freedoms that people enjoy” What do we mean by FREEDOM in US?
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Lesson Overview • Sen: The BIG Picture • Sen: The Roles of Freedom • Instrumental Freedoms • The world as we know it
Sen: The BIG Picture “Development as a process of expanding the real freedoms that people enjoy” • What do we mean by FREEDOM in US? • How did we achieve FREEDOM? • Should all people have the same freedom? • Should all countries have the same freedom? • Are there freedoms that we do not have?
Sen: The Roles of FreedomConstitutive Role The expansion of freedom is the primary end. (constitutive role) • Enrichment of human life • Avoiding deprivation • Literacy and numeracy • Political participation • Free speech So how does our discussion of a country change in terms of development when we consider these aspects?
Sen: The Roles of FreedomInstrumental Role • The expansion of freedom is the principle means of development. (instrumental role) • “The way different kinds of rights, opportunities, and entitlements contribute to the expansion of human freedom in general, and thus to promoting development.” • Freedoms can be interrelated and enhancing one can enhance others.
Instrumental Freedoms: Political Freedom • Civil rights • Determine who should govern and on what principles • Scrutinize and criticize authorities • Free press • Choose between parties • Does this work in the US?
Instrumental Freedoms: Economic Facilities • Opportunities to utilize resources for consumption, production, exchange • Access to finance • How have recent events affected this freedom in the US?
Instrumental Freedoms: Social Opportunities • Education • Healthcare • How would a lack in this area affect economic or political freedoms?
Instrumental Freedoms: Transparency • Openness • Trust • Prevention of corruption, financial irresponsibility • What recent events have called this freedom into question in the US?
Instrumental Freedoms: Protective Security • Unemployment benefits • Welfare • Famine and emergency relief • What recent events have called illustrated problems with protective security in the US?
Conclusions • Let’s consider the countries we have discussed this term in the context of development as freedom. • Political Freedom, economic facility, social opportunities, transparency, protective security. • Consider: Japan, China, Egypt, Libya, Kenya. Who is more developed in this context?