Do Now

1. Do Now • In your opinion, what should happen after a war is finished? Should one country be held responsible for what happened during the war, or should everyone share the blame? 2. How should this be decided? Who gets to decide?

2. III. World War I – End of the War Objective 8.02

3. A. Treaty of Versailles • Video • Questions to answer: • What groups were involved? What did each group want?

4. B. Wilson’s Fourteen Points • Wilson’s plan to promote democracy in the world – wanted it to serve as peace treaty for WWI • Points included: • Free trade • Freedom of the seas • Reducing weapons • League of Nations - an international organization that would help settle disputes to preserve peace and prevent future wars.

5. C. Treaty Outcome • Signed in 1919 • Germany harshly punished. • Pay back large amounts of money (reparations). • Give up large amounts of land and army. • Called for the creation of the League of Nations.

6. D. US Senate Opposition • U.S. Senate has to ratify/approve all treaties with foreign countries. • Opposed to the League of Nations – thought it would get the U.S. involved in wars they should not be in. • Why? • Led by Henry Cabot Lodge

7. D. US Senate Opposition • Henry Cabot Lodge – “Fourteen Reservations” • “The United States is the world's best hope, but if you fetter her in the interest through quarrels of other nations, if you tangle her in the intrigues of Europe, you will destroy her powerful good, and endanger her very existence. Leave her to march freely through the centuries to come, as in the years that have gone. Strong, generous, and confident, she has nobly served mankind. Beware how you trifle with your marvelous inheritance -- this great land of ordered liberty. For if we stumble and fall, freedom and civilization everywhere will go down in ruin.” • What position does Lodge take on the League of Nations?

8. D. US Senate Opposition • Wilson refused to edit the treaty, so Congress refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles. • The U.S. had to make separate treaties with all Central Powers as a result. • Impact: League of Nations was created, but it never worked. • Wilson was the one who created the idea, but he could never run it. • Major embarrassment for Wilson.

9. Guided Practice • Analyze the two upcoming political cartoons. • Use our Who-What-Why primary source analysis method to craft your answer.

10. Guided Practice

11. Guided Practice

12. IV. WWI – National Security vs. Individual Freedoms Objective 8.03

13. A. The Red Scare • Bolshevik Revolution/communism in Russia worried the United States. • RED SCARE: the fear of communism and revolution that swept the nation following the Bolsheviks’ rise to power.

14. B. Palmer Raids • Agroup of anarchists (people who want no type of government) planned and failed to assassinate A. Mitchell Palmer, the Attorney General at the time. • Palmer Raids: Palmer created the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) – had agents round up suspected “subversives” and communists and jail them without due process. • Many of those imprisoned were immigrants who had committed no crimes. • Over 500 immigrants deported as a result.

15. C. Espionage and Sedition Acts • Espionage Act (1917) – made it illegal to: • Spread misleading information that would hurt the military. • Promote the success of war enemies. • Encourage people to desert the military or avoid the draft. • Punishment: heavy fines, up to 20-30 years in prison • Sedition Act (1918) – made it illegal to: • Criticize the American government. • Use “abusive language” about the flag or military. • How are the Espionage and Sedition Acts similar?

16. D. Schenck v. U.S. • Charles Schenck was arrested for urging draftees not to report for duty. • Violation of the Espionage Act • He claimed the arrest was against his First Amendment right to free speech.

17. D. Schenck v. US • Supreme Court ruling: Government could silence free speech when there is a “clear and present danger” involved. • Said there was “clear and present danger” for the government because of Schenck. How?

18. Sum it Up • You have been challenged with writing an Enduring Understanding based on outline point IV fornext semester’s U.S. History class. Write 2-3 sentences that identify and explain the theme of those notes. • Write this in your notes.

19. Exit Ticket • 1) One of Wilson’s major goals at Paris was: • To punish Germany for starting the war. • To recompense the British and the French for their great losses. • To found a League of Nations to enforce the peace. • To bring the Russians to the peace table.

20. Exit Ticket • 2) Which statement is consistent with the ruling of the post-World War I United States Supreme Court in Schenck v. United States? • The freedoms guaranteed in the Bill of Rights are virtually unlimited. • Government has the right to suspend any rights at any time. • Individual rights can be limited in times of clear and present danger. • The balance between individual rights and the general social welfare almost always favors individual rights.

21. Exit Ticket • 4) How are civil liberties challenged during times of conflict? Explain how and then provide two examples that support your argument.