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Towards a Smart Home Framework

Towards a Smart Home Framework. Moody Alam Agents, Interaction & Complexity (AIC) Group, School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton. What is a smart home?. Future Vision!. Visions from the past. The Present. Green + Wired. The Smart Home,

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Towards a Smart Home Framework

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  1. Towards a Smart Home Framework Moody Alam Agents, Interaction & Complexity (AIC) Group, School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton

  2. What is a smart home? Future Vision! Visions from the past The Present Green + Wired The Smart Home, The Jetsons, 1962 The Future Home, The Jetsons, 1962 Connected devices Home automation Sensors Future Homes, 1969 [A robot serving beer!] Future Homes, 1969 [A robot serving beer!]

  3. What is a smart home? • No agreed definition! • The IBM’s vision: • Instrumented • Interconnected • Intelligent

  4. Renewable energy • electricity • gas • water, etc. home comfort • lights • home automation home care • chronicle diseases • presence • home hospitalization Why is the Smart Home important? 5.38 Million Smart Homes by 2015 [Berg Insight] • Zero Carbon Homes Energy management

  5. Smart home is an active research area • Academia • All top 10 Engi. & Tech Universities [Times higher Education]. • Caltech, MIT, Princeton, Cali-Berkeley, Southampton* • Industry • Governments – US, UK, Aus, Canada, China, EU, • Hundreds of companies- Microsoft, IBM, British Gas.. • Numerous sub-domains: home automation, energy conservation, elderly living. • We are interested in those sub-domains which require developing a software model of smart home.

  6. Typical workflow in such domains

  7. Typical workflow in such domains

  8. Typical workflow in such domains

  9. What is the problem? Problem: These three phases (modelling, simulation and analysis) take up the most time. Solution: We propose our Smart Home Framework to speed up these phases. We are not the only smart people to have realised this problem! • Industry has the proprietary software toolkits. • Cost and Licenses! • Platform-dependency! • Limited interoperability between platforms. • Focused on the company’s business. • Academia has very few open-source toolkits: • Focused on narrow research issues • Models are not general and thus not extendable in other related domain

  10. Why is SH Framework a good idea? • Open-source and free of cost! • SHF has three core components each focused on a single phase: • Model Classes Model building phase • Optimiser  Optimisation / Simulation phase • Visualiser  Analyse Results

  11. Smart Home Framework

  12. Smart Home Framework

  13. SHF: Model Classes: Overview • We take a bottom-up modelling approach: • Smart Home is made of different components (e.g. appliances and storage). • We provide general models for these components. • These components can be integrated to create a smart home. • This general model of a smart home: • Has an understanding of its components and how are they related • Can be extended to specific models • These smart homes can be connected together to form a smart community.

  14. Modelling a smart home Generation Storage Appliances • A collection of: • Appliances • Generators • Storage • Electric Vehicle • Relationships: • Between all above • Grid (Tariff) • Other Smart homes EVs Grid Grid

  15. Modelling a smart home • SH Framework contains • Interfaces • Abstract classes • And Implementation of abstract classes • To model • Generation • Storage • Appliances • Appliances’ Use

  16. SHF: Modelling Generation & Storage • Modelling Generation Sources • Microgeneration (e.g. Solar Panels / Wind Turbine) • Grid • Modelling Storage Facilities • Electric Batteries • EV Batteries

  17. SHF: Appliances and their usage • Support to model appliances (i.e. Loads): • SHF already have implementation of common home devices (e.g. TV, Oven) • Abstract classes to include new appliances • Modelling appliances’ usage (i.e. Load Events): • Deferrable and Non-Deferrable • Interruptible and Non-Interruptable • Critical • Baseload • Combination of above (e.g. a deferrable interruptible critical load event)

  18. SHF: Modelling implicit understanding of devices and their relationships • Consumption + Battery Charging = Generation • Battery has a limited number of charging cycles. • EV battery is available only certain times a day.

  19. Modelling is easy: Code Snippets • Adding renewable generation and/or grid is easy: • agent.addEnergySource(new SolarPanel(1.5kW)); • agent.addEnergySource(new WindTurbine(2kW)); • agent.addEnergySource(new Grid(tariff)); • Creating appliances and Load Events: • TV tv = new TV(0.3kW) • agent.addEvent(new onDeferrableLoadEvent(tv,start,end); • Adding storage • agent.addStorage(new Battery( 2kWh, 0.5kW, 10%loss));

  20. Smart Home Framework

  21. SHF: Optimisation in a smart home • Optimisation depends on the structure or formation of your smart home model: • Generally speaking, you may be solving a convex or non-convex problem to answer your research question. • Your choice of optimiser will depend on the structure of your problem. • SHF architecture allows you to plug-in any optimiser of your choice!

  22. SHF comes with a default optimiser • IBM’s CPLEX Optimiser is available as the default plug-in optimiser: • Free of cost to academia. • Supports LP, MIP and Convex optimisation • Catch: License needed for commercial use. • So if your optimisation problem falls under LP, IP, MIP or certain convex subclasses, then you can use the default optimiser! • This optimiser is sufficient for the common optimisation problems. For advanced and complex optimisation problems (e.g. non-convex) you can just plug-in a general solver of your choice.

  23. SHF and IBM CPLEX • An optimisation problem can be expressed as a: • Model (variables, and constraints.) • Objective function • SHF already have a smart home CPLEX model (Java code). • Commonly used objective functions are already implemented, e.g. • Maximise Preference, Minimise Cost/Carbon • If your objective function is not already implemented, you can just write a new objective function and use the existing CPLEX home model!

  24. Smart Home Framework

  25. SHF: Analysing results • SHF comes with a visualiser. • Code is there to visualise common devices / events in a smart home. • Plots for generation, consumption, battery usage • Visualiser is extendible, easy to include new plots etc. • Results available in XML, CSV formats

  26. Smart Home Demo: Modelling, Optimisation and Analysis

  27. Beyond a single smart home: Smart communities • The framework has all the building blocks to create a community of connected homes. • A small community be readily modelled to test different communal aspects: • Energy Exchange • Electric vehicle charging • Battery Usage minimisation • Coalition formation for group buying

  28. Smart Community Demo: Reducing the battery usage through energy exchange

  29. Questions??

  30. Thank you!

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