Do Now:

1. Do Now: • What do you know about Shakespeare? Write down anything and everything that comes to mind when you hear the name Shakespeare. Think of places, titles of his works, history, etc.

2. The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet William Shakespeare “Hostility and its Effect on the Innocent”

3. Structure

4. Plot: Types of Conflict Character vs Character Character vs Nature Character vs Society Character vs Self

5. The Renaissance: 1400 - 1650 • Renaissance means "rebirth“. • It was characterized by a surge of interest in classical learning and values. • The Renaissance witnessed • the discovery and exploration of new continents • the understanding of the Solar System • the growth of commerce • the invention of • paper • Printing • the mariner's compass • gunpowder. • It was a time of classical learning and wisdom.

6. The Reformation • 1A 16th century movement in Europe. • A time of religious reform. • Characterized by reforming the Cathoic Church and the establishment of Protestant Churches.

7. King Henry VIII • A true Renaissance Man: • Developed his own church. • Indulged every impulse. • Killed many wives. • Most notably Queen Mary I – also known as “bloody Mary” • Left two powerful daughters and one weak son to fight and divide a nation for many years

8. Elizabeth I Protestant “Virgin” Queen Elizabeth is reported to have killed or maimed many of her lovers as well as anyone else who crossed her. Her very public tantrums changed England for ever – socially and politically. Shakespeare feared her wrath and wrote to please her – most of the time!

9. William Shakespeare and his Romeo and Juliet English I

10. Biography of a Poet and Playwright • Born April 23, 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. • Parents: John and Mary Shakespeare. • William was the third child of eight and the first son. • Wrote 154 sonnets and 38 plays. • Died April 23, 1616

11. Marriage • Anne Hathaway was 26 years old when she and Shakespeare married. William was 19. • Anne and Will would have three children as a family. • After William turned 21, William left Anne for over twenty-five years. • Shakespeare returned to Anne shortly before his death. • Upon her death, Anne asked to be buried with him.

12. Children • Sussana, born May 23, 1583 – six months after her parents’ marriage • Sussana would care for her father in London for many years until her marriage to a doctor. • Two years later on January 31, 1585, Anne and William's twins, Hamnet and Judith Shakespeare, were born. • Hamnet Shakespeare contracted the Bubonic Plague and died at the age of eleven.

13. ELIZABETHAN THEATRES 1500 - 1650

14. Theatre Characteristics They were of two types: • Open-air amphitheatres • Indoor halls There was little or no scenery used on the stage. Admission to the open-air amphitheatres cost one old penny.

15. LORD CHAMBERLAIN'S MEN Was an acting group that included Shakespeare. The group that acted at The Globe Was one of the largest group of actors at the time Also known as “The King’s Men”

16. The GlobeTheatre

17. LOCATION The Globe is located on the edge of London On Southwark Street The Globe is near the Thames River

18. The Globe Theatre – Shakespeare’s Most Successful Financial Venture No curtains or set pieces The orchestra stood on the balcony of the stage. The penny pit was the area on the ground in which peasants would stand to see the play Called the “Wooden O” because of its eight sided shape. Ticket Prices: 1 pence – to stand by the stage 2 pences – to sit around the stage walls

19. The Globe - built in 1599. Open-air amphitheatre, with three tiers of galleries, a covered stage, and a thatched roof. The first Globe burned down in 1611, when its thatch caught fire during a performance. The second Globe was built on the foundations of the first but given a tiled roof. It could accommodate an audience of 3,000.

20. A Virtual Tour and History

22. Do Now: • William Shakespeare wrote ________ sonnets and _________ plays. He had three children; Susanna, __________, and _________. His most famous theater was called The _________ theater, for its circular shape. Poor folk, or ___________, could pay one pence to see a play by Shakespeare’s acting troupe called _________ __________’s Men.

23. William Shakespeare and the Shakespearean Sonnet English I

24. dialogue:conversation between two or more characters • monologue:a long speech by one character • soliloquy:an act of speaking one’s thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of anyone else hearing • aside:a remark or passage by characters in a play intended to be heard only by the audience, not the other character

25. What is a sonnet? • 14 line poem written in iambic pentameter Iambic Pentameter? Iambic Pentameter is the rhythm and meter in which poets and playwrights wrote in Elizabethan England.

26. Quatrain • Quatrains are four line stanzas of any kind

27. Rhyming Pattern/ Rhyme Scheme • The Shakespearean sonnet has three quatrains followed by a couplet, the scheme being: ababcdcdefefgg.

28. Sonnet 18 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed, And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

29. Sonnet 130 My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips' red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damasked, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound; I grant I never saw a goddess go; My mistress when she walks treads on the ground. And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare.

30. Iambic Pentameter? Iambic Pentameter is the rhythm and meter in which poets and playwrights wrote in Elizabethan England.

31. Iambic… • Quite simply, it sounds like this: dee DUM, dee DUM, dee DUM, dee DUM, dee DUM. It consists of a line of five iambic feet, ten syllables with five unstressed and five stressed syllables. It is the rhythm of the human heart beat.

32. Syllables? • What is a syllable? • There are three syllables (separate sounds) in the word syllable! • “But soft, what light through yonder window breaks.” • How many syllables are there in that quotation?

33. Pentameter… • Well an ‘iamb’ is ‘dee Dum’ – it is the heart beat. • Penta is from the Greek for five. • Meter is really the pattern or rhythm • Every set pattern is a foot • So, there are five iambs (feet) per line! • (Iambicpentameter )

34. Scan These Lines • I am a pirate with a wooden leg • I AM / a PI / rate WITH / a WOOD / en LEG • But soft: what light through yonder window breaks?

35. Sonnet 116 Let me not to the marriage of true minds Admit impediments. Love is not love Which alters when it alteration finds, Or bends with the remover to remove: O no! it is an ever-fixed mark That looks on tempests and is never shaken; It is the star to every wandering bark, Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken. Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks Within his bending sickle's compass come: Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out even to the edge of doom.    If this be error and upon me proved,    I never writ, nor no man ever loved.

36. Shakespeare’s Writings Comedies The Two Gentlemen of Verona The Taming of the Shrew The Comedy of Errors Love's Labour's Lost A Midsummer Night's Dream The Merchant of Venice The Merry Wives of Windsor Much Ado About Nothing As You Like It Twelfth Night Troilus and Cressida Measure for Measure All's Well That Ends Well Pericles Prince of Tyre The Winter's Tale Cymbeline The Tempest Poetry Venus and Adonis The Rape of Lucrece Sonnets `A Lover's Complaint' The Passionate Pilgrim The Phoenix and The Turtle • Histories • 2 Henry VI • 3 Henry VI • 1 Henry VI • Richard III • Richard II • King John • 1 Henry IV • 2 Henry IV • Henry V • Henry VIII • Tragedies • Titus Andronicus • Romeo and Juliet • Julius Caesar • Hamlet • Othello • Timon of Athens • King Lear • Macbeth • Antony and Cleopatra • Coriolanus

37. Romeo and Juliet

39. Prologue • Establishes the setting • Introduces main characters • Explains background • Introduces character’s main conflict • Spoken by the chorus • If the audience does not like the story, they may leave and get their money back.

40. Prologue: Romeo and Juliet  [Enter] CHORUS.       Chorus  1    Two households, both alike in dignity,   2    In fair Verona, where we lay our scene,   3    From ancient grudge break to new mutiny,   4    Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean.   5    From forth the fatal loins of these two foes   6    A pair of star-cross'd lovers take their life;   7    Whose misadventured piteous overthrows   8    Do with their death bury their parents' strife.   9    The fearful passage of their death-mark'd love,  10    And the continuance of their parents' rage,  11    Which, but their children's end, nought could remove,  12    Is now the two hours' traffic of our stage;  13    The which if you with patient ears attend,  14    What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to mend.            [Exit.]

41. Do Now: • What are your thoughts and feelings about love and marriage? You will have a few minutes to write out your thoughts in your notebook. We will quickly discuss your thoughts and I will share and offer answers aloud.