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Topic 3 Acids and Bases

Topic 3 Acids and Bases. The pH Scale:. Properties of Acids and Bases:. Acids : -have a pH less than 7 Taste sour Cause chemical burns and can corrode metals Contain H+ ions and a negative ion there for they are consided IONIC Examples: HCl , HF, H 2 SO 4 ,. Bases :

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Topic 3 Acids and Bases

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  1. Topic 3 Acids and Bases

  2. The pH Scale:

  3. Properties of Acids and Bases: Acids: -have a pH less than 7 • Taste sour • Cause chemical burns and can corrode metals • Contain H+ ions and a negative ion there for they are consided IONIC • Examples: HCl, HF, H2SO4, Bases: • Have a pH more than 7 • Taste Bitter • Contain OH- ions (hydroxide) with a metal in front Examples: NaOH, Ca(OH)2

  4. Acid Base Indicators: • Red Litmus Paper: Stys red in an acid turns blue in a base 2. Blue Litmus Paper Stays blue in a base and turns red in an acid 3. pH paper tells the exact pH 4. Bromothymol Blue: Turns yellow in an acid 5. Phenothelien: Turns Pink in a base

  5. Acid Precipitation

  6. Types: • SO2(g) + H20(l)  H2S03(aq) – sulfurous acid • SO3(g) + H20(l)  H2S04(aq) – surfuric acid • N02(g) + H20(l)  HN02(aq) + HN03(aq) – nitrous and nitric acid • CO2(g) + H2O(l)  H2CO3(aq) – carbonic acid

  7. Effects of Acid Precipitation

  8. CO2 Emissions • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kqV-kx2ClXU • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HE6Y0iEuXMQ

  9. Using Chemistry to Control Acid Rain • Liming – acid/base neutralixation • Catalytic Converters • Scrubbers

  10. Liming • Neutralizes the rain AFTER it has fallen Rxn: CaCO3(s) + H2SO4(aq) CaSO4(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

  11. Catalytic Converters • Removes oxides from the factories and cars BEFORE they get into the air

  12. Scrubbers • A device installed in large factories that use a sorbent that absorbs the harmful oxides

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