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Aufbau Principle Pauli Exclusion Principle Hund’s Rule Electron Configuration Valance Electron. importune espouse discomfit conjecture hackneyed. Vocabulary Week 7. Half Life Practice.
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Aufbau Principle Pauli Exclusion Principle Hund’s Rule Electron Configuration Valance Electron importune espouse discomfit conjecture hackneyed Vocabulary Week 7
Half Life Practice 1. The Carbon-14 in a sample of bone has ¼ its original amount. How old is the bone? (Carbon-14 has a half life of 5730 years)
Half Life Practice 2. Only half of an original dose of radon-222 remains in a test subject. How long ago was the radon introduced into the test subject’s body? (Radon-22 has a half life of 3.8 days)
Half Life Practice 3. Uranium-239 is used as a tracking isotope in the human body. Once it is introduced into the human body, how long will it take to degrade to less 1/8 of it’s original amount? (U-239 has a half life of 23.9 minutes)
Half Life Practice 4. Barium-139 has a half life of 27 minutes. How long will it take to degrade to 1/16 of its original amount?
The biggest problem with nuclear power is _____________. A. Nuclear meltdown B. Not enough energy is produced C. Waste disposal
Combining two nuclei is called ____________, while breaking one nuclei into parts is called ___________. Nuclear power uses the process of ___________. A. Fission, fusion, fission B. Fission, fusion, fusion C. Fusion, fission, fission D. Fusion, fission, fusion
We only have ________ until your midterm. • One month • 3 months • 2 weeks • 4 days
The green group represents which orbital? • S • P • D • F
Beryllium Fluorine Phosphorus Nickel Bromine Electron Configuration Practice
5p5 6p2 3p1 3s2 3p6 4s2 Electron Configuration • 4d6 • 5d8 • 6d10
Electron Configuration • Tells the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of an atom • Written in ground state, which is the lowest energy & most stable arrangement • Follows 3 rules: • Aufbau Principle • Pauli Exclusion Principle • Hund’s Rule
Aufbau Principle • Each electron will occupy the lowest available energy level
Pauli Exclusion Principle • A maximum of 2 electrons with opposite spins can fit in an orbital
Hund’s Rule • Single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal energy level before additional electrons with opposite spins can be added
Spin Diagrams • Based on Pauli Exclusion Principle & Hund’s Rule
Electron Practice III • Helium ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ • Carbon ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ • Magnesium ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Electron Practice III • Potassium __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ • Aluminum __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ • Chlorine __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
Noble Gas Notation • Simplified version of writing e- configurations • Noble gas is placed in brackets [ ]
Noble Gas Notation • Iron • Beryllium • Argon
Valence Electrons • e- in the outer most energy level that determines chemical properties • Lithium = 1s2 2s1 • Bromine = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p5 • Aluminum = [Ne] 3s2 3p1 • Family Number
Electron Dot • Chemical symbol & valence electrons of atom • Valuable in showing how atoms share electrons in covalent bonds