GOLD

1. GOLD

2. In this lesson you will learn what is gold and what its qualities are. learn what makes gold so desirable. discover where and how to find gold. find out what the uses of gold are. be exposed to ancient civilizations. You will become a gold hunter!

3. You will also learn how to create a metaphor. write a story according to paintings. experience a listening comprehension. learn what gold is and words. connected to it.

4. Men and women have lusted after gold ever since its discovery seven thousand years ago. Called by somethe flesh of the Godsand by othersthe sun made tangible, goldhasinspiredevery civilization in history.

5. From ancient Greece to China, from India to Peru,GOLDhas been admired and valued for itswarmth, itsbeauty, itssensuality and itsspiritual richness. spiritual richness sensuality beautiful warmth _______ _______ Can you add some more qualities of GOLD?

6. What makes gold so desirable? From the first discovery of gold in ancient times, itsbeautyand theeasewith which it could be worked inspired craftsmen to create it into ornaments, not just for adornment, but as symbols of wealth and power.

7. What makes gold so desirable? Gold is a conduitfor powerful emotions. Pleasure andpain, desireanddread, lustandlove.

8. Have you ever wanted to find GOLD? Well, you have come to the right place. We will pack you with useful information to help you get started in your search for GOLD.

9. Have you ever wanted to find GOLD? Here, you can find some maps of gold sites and locations that are open to prospecting forGOLD. We are going to help you get started in your search for REAL GOLD.

10. That’s a good place to start! What is gold? What is its chemical symbol? Where does the word Gold come from? What is a carat? How much gold is there in the world? What nation has most of the world’s gold? What are the four steps to mining gold? Where did the gold rush take place? Where on earth can we find gold? Who are the people who own most gold? You have found the gold! What is gold used for? What is the most famous piece of gold in history? Where did Europe get gold from in the 16th century? What is the origin of the first gold jewel?

11. Before we begin our hunt, we need to know: • Is it a rock? • Is it a fossil? • Or, perhaps, a mineral? What isGOLD? To find the answer, let’s go to: http://216.37.53.73/geomysteries/cube/a1.html

12. Yellow metal Doesn’t react with water or oxygen Soft and rare What dowe know aboutGold? Melting point: 1064 0C Boiling point: 2860 0C Atomic number: 79

13. What is the chemical symbol ofGOLD? We will find the answer in theperiodictable of the elements. You can find it at http://pearl1.lanl.gov/periodic/default.htm How would you find gold there?

14. The chemical symbol of GOLD is: AU Au is short for the Latin word for gold, 'Aurum', which literally means'Glowing Dawn‘. What do you think about this meaning?

15. Where does the word Gold come from? The word gold appears to be derived from the Indo-European root 'yellow', reflecting one of the most obvious properties of gold.

16. What is a carat? In ancient times, in the Middle East and the Mediterranean, people usedthe seed of the Carob tree toweigh gold. A carat was used as the measure for the purity of gold.Pure gold is defined as 24 carats.

17. The GOLD mark By the fifteenth century,alchemistswere using the same symbol for both gold and the sun. The simplest of these was a circle, the universal symbol of totality, wholeness and continuity. This was the inspiration for gold's new symbol.

18. The GOLD mark The three concentric circles, signifying past, present and future, also symbolize the inner soul, the shared experience of humankind and the infinity of the universe. gold

19. How much gold is there in the world? At the end of 2000, it is estimated that all the gold ever mined amounted to about 142,600 tons.

20. Where in the world can we find gold? About two thirds of the world's gold output comes from South Africa, and about two thirds of the total U.S. production comes from South Dakota and Nevada.

21. Who owns most gold? If we take national gold reserves, then most gold is owned by the USA followed by Germany and the IMF. If we include jewelry ownership, then India is the largest repository of gold in terms of total gold within the national boundaries.

22. Who owns most gold? In terms of personal ownership, it is not known who owns the most, but is possibly a member of a ruling royal family in the East.

23. Where on earth can we find gold? Gold is widely distributed throughout the world. Tiny quantities occur in most rocks and soils. Gold occurs in veins of the rocks, in mountains, in rivers and alluvial deposits.

24. Where on earth can we find gold? Gold also occurs in sea water. As yet, no method has been found for profitably recovering gold from sea water.

25. Welcome to Gold Fever! One of the most important events in Californian history occurred on January 24, 1848. On that cold January morning, James Marshall spotted somethingshining upfrom the millrace. Marshall picked up several pieces ofgold..

26. The news spread locally like wildfire :"Gold on the American River!" Almosthalf a million prospectorsfrom allaround the world, swarmed to California, helping to open up the American West.

27. With ships, merchandise and equipment, and thousands of sea-route argonauts pouring into California through the Golden Gate, San Francisco instantly became the hub of the gold rush.

28. The prospector spends all day long dreaming about finding abig sack of goldand becoming the richest man in the West.

29. Walk in the footsteps of those who were there. Listen to their words and their stories. Take time to explore and discover along the way. See you in California!

30. I found Gold! "Gold, I found gold !" he shouts to his friends "Where is it? Let me see it!" Let’s hear the exciting moment of finding gold. Go to: http://www.museumca.org/goldrush/fever05.html

31. “I found myself thinking, as the light slowly faded from the western sky, that the beauty ahead of us was no illusion, no mere trick of sun and cloud. It was real, and we were returning to it, with our cargo of hard - won treasure."

32. The story of these prospectors through art of their time: Write down their story

33. EXPLORATION The business of processing gold has pioneered several techniques and methods. The gold mining process begins with geologists discovering a deposit To learn how gold is mined go to: http://www.newmont.com/co_profile/howgoldismined.htm

34. What are the four steps of mining gold? hauling, blasting, loading, drilling

35. The uses of Gold Gold is used in coinage and is a standard for monetary systems in many countries. Gold is also extensively used forjewelry, decoration, dental work, and forplating. Gold is used forcoatingcertain space satellites, as it is a good reflector of infrared.

36. Lunar Module Without gold the first step on the moon would not have been possible. Gold protects astronauts on the moon and in outer space. Sheets of 0.1 5mm thick are used in space programs as a radiation shield. Because gold is such an effective reflector, it deflects the burning heat of the sun.

37. Industrial uses of gold

38. Historically, gold was a rare metal, afforded only by the wealthy. In the 20th century gold jewellery has come within the pocket of most people.

39. Did you know? The earliest gold jewelry dates from the Sumer civilisation, which lies between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in southern Iraq, around 3000 BC.

40. Many civilizations left a rich legacy of golden treasures. Let’s explore part of the history of gold on the time line.

41. Ancient Egypt Roman Empire America Columbus's discovery of America Cortes conquerors Mexico Francisco Pizarro invaded Peru 3100 BC – 343 BC 27 BC – 476 AD 1519 1492 1531

42. Ancient Egypt Egyptian art was highly symbolic and a painting or sculpture was not meant to be a record of a momentary impression. Detail from a panel on the gold plated shrine from the tomb of Tutankhamun in the Cairo Museum.

43. Tutankhamun The boy-king of Egypt from 1361 to 1352 BC preserved some of the greatest treasures of the Egyptian goldsmiths' craft. The king's body was encased in a coffin of solid gold. The head of the mummy was shrouded in a great mask of beaten gold. It is considered to be the most famous piece of gold.

44. Roman Empire The Romans inherited much from the Etruscans, but they also borrowed many ideas from the Greeks. Sculpture was used to decorate public and private buildings and much of Roman art was made as official propaganda to glorify the ruler, proclaim victories, or to make pious references to the state and its governors.

45. Roman gold jewelry was generally formed from thin sheets of gold, rather than solid gold. This way they used the minimum amount of the precious and expensive material. Pair of Earrings

46. America After the fall of the Roman Empire, little gold was produced for almost a thousand years. This was changed by Columbus's discovery of America in 1492. Adventurers were encouraged by European kings to sail for the new continent in search of riches.

47. This led to the Spanish conquests of the earlysixteenth centurywhenCortesandPizarroinvaded Mexico and Peru respectively. Treasure-laden ships bound for Spain gave rise to the "golden age of piracy"

48. By the time of the Spanish invasion, the civilizations ofSouth Americahad thrived for centuries and had reached a high level of sophistication. In the next slide we can see some of the beautiful gold work of these ancient civilizations.

49. One of the Inca’s treasures. The Inca Temple of Sun was covered with gold This mask is from the Chimu civilization in Peru The Treasure of Amiens The end of the 13th century A Chimú sacrificial knife with a gold handle

50. Throughout civilization, from ancient Egypt to the present day,Goldstands alone in its magic and allure.Goldhas the power to evoke deep emotions: moments of tenderness, moments of passion, moments of joy. Beautiful, desirableandincorruptible,goldis a continuous thread connecting world to world, generation to generation, lives to lives.