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IV. Europe split between identity fractions and a strong desire for unity. Centripetal and Centrifugal forces working simultaneously 45-50 States in Europe ( depending on definition ) Europe = the most fragmented continent on earth.
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IV. Europe split betweenidentity fractions and a strongdesire for unity • Centripetal and Centrifugal forces workingsimultaneously • 45-50 States in Europe (depending on definition) • Europe = the mostfragmented continent on earth
Nations assert recognition of their national sovereignty on a cultural basis • Trend increased in last 20 yrsbreaking up of empires and Federations (e.g. USSR, Yugoslavia, Tchekoslovakia)
Balkans & East vastmovements of national religious groups recomposing • New states & bordersemerging
Somememberswitnessedtheir national unitychallenged (e.g. Belgium, UK, Italy, Spain) due to weight of internal divisions
Devolution: the transfer of power from the central government to sub-governments
Mapof autonomistmovements in the EuropeanUnion, September 2013 - • Rednamesindicateregionswithmovementsthatonly claim greaterautonomywithin the actual state. • Black namesindicateregionswith important secessionistmovements, althoughbothcategoriesincludemoderatemovements. • The nations highlighted in colors are the territoriesclaimed by the local nationalist groups, including areas out of the state'sborders and cases of annexation to other states.
B. In West, European nation-states 1st to enter exceptional supranational project Supranational organization: one which transcends national boundaries to make decisions on a geopolitical level