Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Mechanisms, Signs & Symptoms and Treatment of Strains, Sprains and Contusions

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Introduction • What is a strain? • What is a sprain? • Do you know the difference between the two? • What is a contusion?

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Objectives • Students will be able to: • Identify the signs & symptoms of injuries to the hip, thigh & pelvis • Identify the mechanism of injury for hip, thigh & pelvis injuries • Identify the proper treatment for hip, thigh & pelvis injuries

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Terminology • Strain- • A stretching or tearing of a muscle or tendon. Results in a 1st, 2nd, or 3rd degree injury. An injury to a muscle or tendon.

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Terminology • Sprain- • A stretching or tearing of the joint capsule or ligament. Results in a 1st, 2nd or 3rd degree injury. An injury to ligament.

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Terminology • Muscle contusion- • an injury caused by an impact to the muscle which results in discoloration due to a disruption of circulation in the area

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Terminology • Sign- • observable evidence of an injury

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Terminology • Symptom- • what the athlete tells you they feel

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Terminology • Mechanism- • a description of how the injury occurred

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Terminology • Fracture- An injury to a bone in which the tissue is broken or disrupted. A break in a bone.

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Terminology • Dislocation- A complete disunion of the bones in a joint • Subluxation- A partial disunion of the bones in a joint

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Terminology • Bursitis- Irritation and inflammation of a bursa

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Terminology Myositis Ossificans-A very painful condition in which an ossifying mass (calcium deposit) forms within the muscle. Resulting from trauma to the quadriceps muscle that was not properly protected after an initial injury.

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Quad Contusions • Mechanism • A direct blow to your quad which causes the blood vessels to burst which forms a hematoma

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Quad Contusion • Signs & Symptoms • Tenderness, swelling, limping • Some loss of Range of Motion (ROM)

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Quad Contusion • Treatment • RICE- • Rest • Ice • Compression • Elevation • Possible use of crutches • Place affected leg on stretch • Additional padding when returning to play

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Iliac Crest Contusion (Hip Pointer) • Mechanism • Direct trauma to the iliac crest

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Iliac Crest Contusion (Hip Pointer) • Signs and Symptoms • Extreme tenderness, swelling, ecchymosis, limping

Hip, Thigh, & Pelvis Injuries • Iliac Crest Contusion (Hip Pointer) • Treatment • Ice, compression • Additional padding when returning to play

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Adductor (Groin) Strain • Mechanism • Too much stress • Forceful contraction • Over stretching • Due to sudden sideways changes in direction

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Adductor Strain • S & S • Pain/ Tenderness in the adductor • Pain on hip adduction • Popping/ snapping during injury

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Adductor Strain • Treatment (TX) • Ice • Compress thigh • Anti-inflammatory meds • Stretching & strengthening exercises

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Hamstring Strain • Mechanism: • Not warming up properly • Incomplete rehab • Inappropriate training • Lack of flexibility

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Hamstring Strain • S & S • Sudden severe pain during exercise • Snapping or popping • Pain in back of thigh & lower buttock when walking • Bruising, swelling & decreased strength

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Hamstring Strain • Treatment (TX) • RICE • Some stretching and strength • Compression wrap when return-to-play

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Quad Strain • Mechanism • Stretching quadriceps beyond normal ROM • Sudden forceful stress from jumping, kicking, sprinting

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Quad Strains • S & S • Possible bruising • Pain • Decreased ROM & Strength • Limping

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Quad Strains • Treatment (TX) • RICE • Compression wrap when return-to-play • Strengthening & stretching

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Hip Flexor Strain • Mechanism • Sudden forceful stress from jumping, kicking, sprinting • Tight muscles & poor flexibility

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Hip Flexor • S & S • Pain • Swelling • Loss of function • Decreased ROM & strength • Pain increased with flexion

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries • Hip Flexor • Treatment (TX) • RICE • After couple of rest days start gentle stretching • Compression wrap when return-to-play

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries • Femur Fracture • Mechanism • Foot is usually planted and a severe blow impacts the femur.

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries • Femur Fracture • S&S • Significant pain • The hip is externally rotated • Shortening of the limb may be evident • Possible soft tissue damage • Loss of function

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries • Femur Fracture • TX • Athlete must be immediately mobilized and transported by ambulance for medical care • Refer to doctor • Athlete is put in a brace for a minimum of 4 months

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries • Hip Fracture • Mechanism • Fall from a height • Or by someone elderly • Vehicle accident • High energy impact

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries • Hip Fracture • S&S • Severe pain • Inability to bare weight • Shortening of the limb may be evident • The hip is externally rotated

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries • Hip Fracture • TX • Immobilization • Transported by ambulance for medical care • Usually requires surgery

Hip Dislocation Mechanism High energy impact Limb is usually planted then hit Falling from a height Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries

Hip Dislocation S&S Severe pain Inability to move Hip is internally rotated Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries

Hip Dislocation TX Transported by ambulance for medical care Reduced by MD Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries

Bursitis Mechanism Repetitive motions New exercise Working Possibly acute due to impact Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries

Bursitis S&S Pain Point tenderness over lateral hip Increased pain on hip motion Structural tests all negative Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries

Bursitis TX RICE Limiting activity or resting Anti-imflamitory drugs (NSAIDs) Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries

Myositis Ossificans Mechanism Deep quad contusion **Not properly healed Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries

Myositis Ossificans S&S Hard painful mass Swelling Tenderness Loss of function Restricted ROM Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries

Myositis Ossificans TX RICE Crutches Limit ROM Do NOT exercise or stretch - may cause more bleeding Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries • Calcium mass usually reabsorbed (3-6 months) • Surgery

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries