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What is CLIMATE?

What is CLIMATE?. Lavender. What are the characteristics of different climates? What factors affect the climate of a region?. Warm-Up. The long-term average weather conditions that occur in a particular region. Dependant on average temperature and precipitation. CLIMATE.

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What is CLIMATE?

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  1. What is CLIMATE? Lavender

  2. What are the characteristics of different climates? • What factors affect the climate of a region? Warm-Up

  3. The long-term average weather conditions that occur in a particular region. • Dependant on average temperature and precipitation CLIMATE

  4. Discuss how weather and climate differ. • Write down a few reasons. WITH YOUR NEIGHBOR…

  5. LATITUDE of a location • Ex: areas close to equator have the warmest climates What affects CLIMATE?

  6. Large bodies of water (lakes and oceans) • Along coastlines, weather is more constant. • Hot summers & cold winters = center of continents What affects CLIMATE?

  7. Altitude of an area • Often more rainy/snowy What affects CLIMATE?

  8. Buildings and Concrete retain solar energy • Causes temperatures to be higher in urban areas What affects CLIMATE?

  9. CLIMATES ON EARTH

  10. With your table partners… • Observe the map that shows World Climates. • Create a table that includes the following Open to Page 496

  11. Why is one climate different from another? • What climate do we live in (Colorado Springs)? What characteristics define this? Demonstration of Learning

  12. How are climates classified? • Page 494 – Study figure 2 • Write a statement explaining the difference in climate and temperature between Leadville, CO and Burlington, CO. Warm-Up

  13. A microclimate is a localized climate that is different from the climate of the larger area surrounding it. MICROCLIMATES

  14. Come up with as many examples of microclimates that you can think of. • Compare with your neighbor. BRAINSTORM

  15. The south face of a mountain is warmer than the north as it gets more sunlight

  16. Tall buildings create shadows

  17. Large bodies of water cool the air and make it damp

  18. Concrete absorbs solar energy

  19. Valleys are cooler than hillsides on winter nights (as lighter warm air rises and heavier cool air falls)

  20. Wind dries up land

  21. In this microclimate, one side of the slope is oriented to get more sun with limited ability to absorb moisture. The other side receives less sun throughout the day, retains more moisture and creates the conditions to grow more vegetation.

  22. Read the section titled El Nino and the Southern Oscillation • Write a 1 paragraph summary explaining what you read. Turn to page 506

  23. a temporary change in the climate of the Pacific ocean, in the region around the equator • La Niña = cooler temperatures • El Niño = warmer temperatures El Niño & La Niña

  24. La Niña (cold) Conditions(December 1998) Normal ConditionsDecember 1993 El Niño (warm) ConditionsDecember 1997 http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/elnino/la-nina-story.html

  25. El Nino – Map • Discovery Education Links

  26. How might the construction of a concrete road change an area’s climate? • Define a microclimate (in your own words) and give 3 examples of microclimates with might find IN COLORADO SPRINGS. Demonstration of learning

  27. Record the definitions of the following vocabulary terms in your notebooks • Ice ages • Interglacial • Monsoons • Drought CLIMATE CYCLES – WARM UP

  28. Climate changes in cycles that take much longer than a lifetime. • How do scientists gain knowledge about past climates before our time? LONG TERM CYCLES

  29. Scientists study • ice cores drilled from ice layers in glaciers and ice sheets. • Fossilized pollen • Ocean sediments • Growth rings in trees Past Climates

  30. Ice Age – cold periods lasting from hundreds to millions of years when glaciers cover much of earth • Interglacial – warm periods that occur during ice ages or between ice ages Ice Ages and Interglacial's

  31. Most recent – about 2 million years ago • Ice sheets reached max size about 20,000 years ago • About half the northern hemisphere was covered by ice • About 10,000 years ago Earth entered its current interglacial period • Called HOLOCENE EPOCH • Temperatures have continued to fluctuate • Video Major Ice Ages and Warm Periods

  32. Shape of orbit – varies between elliptical and circular over the course of about 100,000 years • Circular orbit = greater distance from sun = below average temperatures • Page 503 Causes of Long-Term Climate Cycles

  33. Changes in the tilt of Earths axis • Changes in 41,000- year cycles • Affect the range of temperatures throughout the year • Climate Change - Warming Causes of Long-Term Climate Cycles

  34. Seasons • El Nino the Southern Oscillation – the combined ocean and atmospheric cycle that results in weakened trade winds across the Pacific Ocean Short-Term Cycles

  35. Monsoons – a wind circulation pattern that changes direction with the seasons. • Temperature differences between the ocean and the land cause winds • Summer – wind blows from water to land • Winter – wind blows from land to water • Monsoon Short-Term Cycles

  36. Drought – a period with below-average precipitation • often accompanied by heat waves • Large hot-air masses remain in one place for weeks or months • Drought Short-Term Cycles

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