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Chapter 30 Review

Chapter 30 Review. Galaxies and the Universe. What characteristic of radio waves makes them useful for determining the shape of a galaxy?. their long wavelength their high frequency their easy visibility their variable energy.

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Chapter 30 Review

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  1. Chapter 30 Review Galaxies and the Universe

  2. What characteristic of radio waves makes them useful for determining the shape of a galaxy? • their long wavelength • their high frequency • their easy visibility • their variable energy

  3. What method allows astronomers to locate the structures circled in the diagram? • recording radio waves • observing RR Lyrae variables • measuring infrared radiation • observing hydrogen emission spectra

  4. Which of the following is a characteristics of a Population II star? • trace amounts of heavy elements • age of less than 10 billion years • located in disk arms • found in spiral galaxies

  5. The Milky Way and the Andromeda are both________. • stars • galaxies • nebulae • quasars

  6. A scientist who discovered a galaxy could use the following diagram to classify the galaxy according to its • shape • age • color • size

  7. Which ratio best expresses the mass of the Sun compared to the mass of the Milky Way? • 1: 100 billion • 1: 100 million • 1: 100 trillion • 1: 100 thousand

  8. Which line on the graph shows the relationship between the size and brightness of a variable star? • A • B • C • D

  9. The pulsation period of four variable stars is indicated on the diagram. Which of the stars in a Cepheid Variable? • A • B • C • D

  10. Which sentence best summarizes Hubble’s Law? • The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater its velocity. • The greater the distance to a galaxy, the brighter its halo. • The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater its age. • The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater its mass.

  11. Other galaxies were first believed to be ____. • nebulae or star clusters within the Milky Way • quasars outside the Milky Way • constellations within the Milky Way • the Andromeda galaxy

  12. Elliptical galaxies are divided into subclasses based on ____. • their elongated shapes • the length of their diameters • the ratio of their major and minor axes • the length of their spiral arms

  13. Cosmic background radiation has a wavelength of approximately 1 mm, which makes it ____. • gamma ray radiation • microwave radiation • X-ray radiation • infrared radiation

  14. If the average density is higher than the critical density, the universe is ____. • closed • open • flat • round

  15. Recent observations show that the rate of expansion of the universe is ____. • slowing down • stabilizing • constantly changing • speeding up

  16. Study of the universe • inflationary universe • cosmology • Big Bang theory • cosmic background radiation • steady-state theory • Hubble constant • active galactic nucleus • superclusters

  17. Core of a galaxy in which highly energetic objects or activities are located • inflationary universe • cosmology • Big Bang theory • cosmic background radiation • steady-state theory • Hubble constant • active galactic nucleus • superclusters

  18. Gigantic formation of clusters of galaxies hundreds of millions of light-years in size • inflationary universe • cosmology • Big Bang theory • cosmic background radiation • steady-state theory • Hubble constant • active galactic nucleus • superclusters

  19. A value of approximately 70 kilometers per second per megaparsec • inflationary universe • cosmology • Big Bang theory • cosmic background radiation • steady-state theory • Hubble constant • active galactic nucleus • superclusters

  20. States that the universe began as a point and has been expanding ever since • inflationary universe • cosmology • Big Bang theory • cosmic background radiation • steady-state theory • Hubble constant • active galactic nucleus • superclusters

  21. Proposes that the universe looks the same on large scales to all observers and that it has always looked that way • inflationary universe • cosmology • Big Bang theory • cosmic background radiation • steady-state theory • Hubble constant • active galactic nucleus • superclusters

  22. Persistent noise discovered in 1965 that is caused by weak radiation from all directions in space • inflationary universe • cosmology • Big Bang theory • cosmic background radiation • steady-state theory • Hubble constant • active galactic nucleus • superclusters

  23. Model that says the universe began as a fluctuation in a vacuum and expanded very rapidly for a fraction of a second before settling into a more orderly expansion • inflationary universe • cosmology • Big Bang theory • cosmic background radiation • steady-state theory • Hubble constant • active galactic nucleus • superclusters

  24. Normal spiral • E7 • Irr • a • c • SO • EO • S • SB

  25. Barred spiral • E7 • Irr • a • c • SO • EO • S • SB

  26. Tightly wound arm and large, bright nucleus • E7 • Irr • a • c • SO • EO • S • SB

  27. Loosely wound arms and a small, dim nucleus • E7 • Irr • a • c • SO • EO • S • SB

  28. Flat disks that do not have spiral arms • E7 • Irr • a • c • SO • EO • S • SB

  29. Round elliptical • E7 • Irr • a • c • SO • EO • S • SB

  30. Very elongated elliptical • E7 • Irr • a • c • SO • EO • S • SB

  31. Irregular galaxy • E7 • Irr • a • c • SO • EO • S • SB

  32. Variable stars get brighter as they get larger. • True • False

  33. The Sun is classified as a Population II star. • True • False

  34. RR Lyrae and Cepheid are two categories of variable stars. • True • False

  35. The Local Group is the galactic group that includes the Milky Way. • True • False

  36. The galaxy in the diagram is categorized as E0 based on its shape. • True • False

  37. The Milky Way and Andromeda are larger than other galaxies in the Local Group. • True • False

  38. Redshift is used as evidence that the universe is contracting. • True • False

  39. The equation v = Hd shows the relationship between the speed at which a galaxy moves and its distance. • True • False

  40. The shaded area of the circle graph represents the percent of the universe composed of dark matter. • True • False

  41. On a graph, Hubble’s law is represented by a straight line. • True • False

  42. By measuring a star's period of pulsation, astronomers can determine its luminosity and calculate how far away a variable star must be to appear as dim or as bright as it does. • True • False

  43. Astronomers have determined the shape of the Milky Way by using gamma waves because they penetrate the interstellar gas and dust without being scattered or absorbed. • True • False

  44. Edwin Hubble's discovery of RR Lyrae variable stars in the Great Nebula in the Andromeda constellation proved the existence of galaxies outside the Milky Way. • True • False

  45. The halo and bulge of the Milky Way are made of old stars which suggests that the halo and bulge formed first. • True • False

  46. A(n) SBc galaxy is a normal spiral with loosely wound arms and a small, dim nucleus. • True • False

  47. The farther away from Earth a galaxy is, the slower it is moving. • True • False

  48. There are 35 known members of the Local Group, of which the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies are the two largest. • True • False

  49. The redshift in many quasars is very large, which means that those quasars are far away. • True • False

  50. Most galaxies in the inner region of a large cluster are spirals. • True • False

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