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Advanced Imaging Wind and Rain Profiler for Tropical Cyclones

This advanced imaging system aims to map winds, precipitation, and ocean vectors in tropical cyclones with high resolution and sensitivity. The sensor enables accurate profiling of the 3D atmospheric boundary layer winds and ocean vector wind scatterometry. Developed algorithm individuates volume and surface backscatter contributions, providing valuable data for weather monitoring.

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Advanced Imaging Wind and Rain Profiler for Tropical Cyclones

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  1. Advanced Imaging Wind and Rain Profiler for Tropical Cyclones Authors: J. Carswell, RSS; S. Frasier, UMass; & P. Chang, NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Acknowledgements: Funded by NOAA SBIR Program, NOAA AOC

  2. NOAA SBIR Project • Develop airborne sensor to provide: • Map 3D ABL winds within precipitation bands. • Aircraft altitude to below 100 m altitude (marine layer). • Map ocean surface wind vector (all weather). • Map precipitation rate throughout tropical cyclone. • High resolution: < 1 km pixels; 30-m vertical sampling. • Mission Accomplished! • Sensor individuates volume and surface backscatter contributions near and at surface & measures atmospheric attenuation: • Enables accurateprofiling of the 3D ABL winds to the surface! • Allows ocean vector wind scatterometry to be used in precipitation. • High resolution mapping: < 500 m pixels, 30-m vertical sampling. • 20 dB sensitivity improvement – transmit peak power not changed. 2009 IHC – St. Petersburg, FL

  3. Measurement Approach • 3-D ABL Wind Mapping • Multi-look VAD • Dual-wavelength provides extended dynamic range and direct de-aliasing. • Conical scan provides true vertical profiles. • Ocean Vector Wind Mapping • Ocean Vector Wind Scatterometry. • Dual l extends sensitivity to 70 m/s. • Volume / attenuation directly measured. • Precipitation Mapping • Differential l attenuation method. • Z-R methods. Simultaneous, Multi-beam Doppler/reflectivity profiles at C and Ku-band Conical Scan (60 rpm) Wide Swath 2009 IHC – St. Petersburg, FL

  4. Lower ABL Winds – The Problem Measurements for Hurricane Rita – 22 Sept. 2005 2009 IHC – St. Petersburg, FL

  5. Lower ABL Winds – The Solution Meas. Meas. Vol Vol Ocean Ocean • Developed algorithm to individuate volume and surface backscatter on a profile basis. Vol Spectra Vol Spectra Ocean Spectra Ocean Spectra Overlapping Spectra Case Non-overlapping Spectra 2009 IHC – St. Petersburg, FL

  6. Lower ABL Winds – The Solution Estimated Volume Backscatter Spectra • Measured spectra and estimated volume and ocean surface spectra for a conical scan (30 m altitude). Measured Spectra Precip Ocean Estimated Ocean Surface Spectra * Estimated spectra per azimuth bin (i.e. profile not scan) 2009 IHC – St. Petersburg, FL

  7. ABL Wind Profiling Using Spectral Estimation 233 m 156 m 78 m 0 m 260 m 181 m 103 m 26 m 207 m 129 m 52 m ABL WIND PROFILE 2009 IHC – St. Petersburg, FL

  8. Next Steps . . . • Integrate RSS network based digital receiver and processor system (iRAP). • Supports reception & processing of the hybrid transmit waveform. • Will implement spectral processing in hardware. • Demonstrate / evaluate real-time retrievals. • Integrate into NOAA AAMPS data system. • Work towards transitioning to operations. 2009 IHC – St. Petersburg, FL

  9. QUESTIONS ? & Answers ….

  10. ABL Wind Profile Using Spectral Estimation 233 m 156 m 78 m 0 m 260 m 181 m 103 m 26 m 207 m 129 m 52 m ABL WIND PROFILE 2009 IHC – St. Petersburg, FL

  11. AWRAP Sensitivity Improvement * All RF cables within internal calibration loop further simplifying & improving calibration. 2009 IHC – St. Petersburg, FL

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