Hip & Groin Pain

1. Hip & Groin Pain Conditions we treat

2. Conditions we treat Healthy hip Osteoarthritis (OA) Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) Labral tears Bursitis Tendonitis

3. Osteoarthritis (OA) • Condition in which the joints of the body becomes damaged, stop moving freely and become painful1. It is the most common form of arthritis in the UK1. • 8.75 million people in the UK have sought treatment for osteoarthritis1: • 4.7 million (18% of total UK population): Knee • 2.1 million (8% of total UK population): Hip • Affects 18% of women and 9.6% of men aged over 60 years worldwide2 Arthritic Hip http://www.arthritisresearchuk.org/arthritis-information/conditions/osteoarthritis.aspx. Accessed on 18 Nov 2013. Woolf AD, Pfleger B. Burden of major musculoskeletal conditions. B World Health Organ. 2003;81(9):646-56.

4. Most likely factors for developing OA • Causes: • Late 40s or over • Females are more likely than males • Hereditary • Overweight • Previous joint injury • Physically demanding job with repetitive movements • Joint damage from another disease1 1. http://www.arthritisresearchuk.org/arthritis-information/conditions/osteoarthritis.aspx. Accessed on 18 Nov 2013.

5. Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) • Abnormal shape of the hip • Approximately 30% of the general population3 • Can give rise to groin pain and it increases the risk of developing arthritis over 20 years3 • 90% of professional footballers have this abnormal hip shape4 • Causes: • There is no definite cause as of right now, but trials such as FAIT and FAIM are studies to find out more (see ‘Our Studies’ section for more detail about these trials) • Current theory is that the hip shape changes as a result of stresses to the growing bone during adolescent years 3. Thomas GE, Batra RN, Kiran A, Pennant S, Hart D, Spector T, et al. The Association between Hip Morpholgy and 19-Year Risk of Osteoarthritis in the Hip. Osteoarthr Cartilage. 2012 Apr;20:S23-S4. PubMed PMID: ISI:000303223300056. English. 4. Kapron AL, Anderson AE, Aoki SK, Phillips LG, Petron DJ, Toth R, et al. Radiographic prevalence of femoroacetabular impingement in collegiate football players: AAOS Exhibit Selection. The Journal of bone and joint surgery American volume. 2011 Oct 5;93(19):e111(1-10). PubMed PMID: 22005872.

6. Labral tears • Creates pain, stiffness, and other disabling symptoms of the hip5 • Pain in the front of the hip and/or groin accompanied by clicking, locking, or catching of the hip • Active adults between ages 20 and 40 are affected the most • Causes: • Injury • Abnormal shape of the hip • Repetitive pivoting motions5 5. http://www.methodistorthopedics.com/labral-tears-of-the-hip. Accessed on 18 Nov 2013.

7. Bursitis • A bursa is a fluid-filled sac which forms under the skin, usually over the joint and acts as a cushion between the tendons and bones6 • Bursitis is inflammation and swelling of a bursa • Creates pain, swelling and tenderness in the affected area • Causes: • Injury • Repetitive movement • Increased risk from regularly participating in physical activities • Less common: infection or a complication from other joint diseases6 6. http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/bursitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Accessed 18 Nov 2013.

8. Tendonitis • Tendons are strong bands or cords of tissue that attach muscle to bone • Tendonitis is an inflamed or painful tendon • Pain is caused by small tears in the surrounding tissue or gradual deterioration of a tendon where it connects to the bone7 • Causes: • Injury • Repetitive movements • Tends to be more common in people with diabetes7 7. http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/tendonitis/Pages/introduction.aspx. Accessed 18 Nov 2013.

9. Please return to the main page and click on the image, ‘Treatments’ to learn more about how we treat hip and groin pain.