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Treating Organic and Neurogenic Speech Disorders

Treating Organic and Neurogenic Speech Disorders. Childhood Apraxia of Speech. Speech disorder affecting articulation and prosody Difficulty with rapid, sequenced movements of articulation Treatment progresses from simple to complex speech tasks. Treatment principles for childhood apraxia.

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Treating Organic and Neurogenic Speech Disorders

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  1. Treating Organic and Neurogenic Speech Disorders

  2. Childhood Apraxia of Speech • Speech disorder affecting articulation and prosody • Difficulty with rapid, sequenced movements of articulation • Treatment progresses from simple to complex speech tasks Free template from www.brainybetty.com

  3. Treatment principles for childhood apraxia • Focus on movement patterns • Progress from single syllable to multi-syllable words, phrases, sentences, conversation • Repeated trials of the same movement pattern is necessary • Target 5-7 utterances for practice • Progress is slow • Contrastive stress drills Free template from www.brainybetty.com

  4. PROMPT therapy • Prompts for Restructuring Oral Muscular Phonetic Targets • Touch, kinesthetic, proprioceptive cues • Other programs incorporate similar cues • Easy Does It for Articulation: An Oral-Motor Approach Free template from www.brainybetty.com

  5. Dysarthria • Causes of dysarthria in children include • Cerebral palsy • Traumatic brain injury • Brain tumors Free template from www.brainybetty.com

  6. Medical interventions for dysarthric conditions • Weakness of velum • Palatal lift • Pharyngeal flap • Weakness of vocal cord • Botox injections • Collagen/teflon injections • Laryngoplasty Free template from www.brainybetty.com

  7. Treatment principles for dysarthria in children • Techniques to improve overall intelligibility • Slow rate: pacing board, DAF, metronome • Over-exaggeration of speech movements • Open mouth posture • Oral motor exercises Free template from www.brainybetty.com

  8. Pacing board example Free template from www.brainybetty.com

  9. Considerations when treating children with cerebral palsy • May have a cognitive and/or language delay • May have an accompanying voice disorder • May have to use alternative-augmentative communication device Free template from www.brainybetty.com

  10. Cleft palate • Opening in the hard or soft palate or both • Surgically repaired between 12 months and 24 months • SLP’s role in treatment • Member of a craniofacial team • Feeding issues • Speech delays • Articulation and voice • Language delays Free template from www.brainybetty.com

  11. Considerations when treating children with repaired cleft palates • Parent education • Treat velopharyngeal inadequacy in order of • Vowels and semivowels • Nasals and glides • Fricatives • Stops and affricates Free template from www.brainybetty.com

  12. Hearing impairment • “Hard of hearing” (slight loss to 90dB loss) • “Deaf” (90dB loss or greater in better ear) • Communication is affected by • Degree of loss • Time of loss (pre- or post-lingual) Free template from www.brainybetty.com

  13. Considerations when working with HI child • Early intervention is crucial • Amplification is imperative is speech is desired outcome • Visual and tactile cues • Ling http://www.auditoryoptions.org/handouts.htm • Language stimulation Free template from www.brainybetty.com

  14. Speech problems specific to hearing impaired children • Voice/voiceless substitution • Vowel distortions • Hypernasality • Stop, fricative, affricate errors Free template from www.brainybetty.com

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