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Chapter 5. Deeds and Leases. Deeds. Written document that transfers title (ownership) of real estate Necessary Elements of a Deed Designation of the parties Consideration given by grantee Legal description Specific interest conveyed Signature of the grantor and witnesses
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Chapter 5 Deeds and Leases
Deeds • Written document that transfers title (ownership) of real estate • Necessary Elements of a Deed • Designation of the parties • Consideration given by grantee • Legal description • Specific interest conveyed • Signature of the grantor and witnesses • Should be publicly recorded
Additional Deed Elements • Covenant against encumbrances • Covenant of seisin • Covenant of quiet enjoyment • Covenant of further assurances • Warranty forever
Types of Deeds • General warranty deed • Broadest Type of Deed • Grantor assures no liens exist except those of public record • Special warranty deed • Limits seller’s warranties to only seller’s ownership period • Bargain and sale deed • Carries no warranties against liens or other encumbrances but does imply that grantor has right to convey title. • Grantor usually warrants they did not cause any problems to title during their ownership
More Deed Types • Quitclaim deed • Transfers whatever interest grantor has but doesn’t imply any valid interest at all. • Commonly used to clear title defects • Deeds for special uses • E.g. Executor’s deed • Executor conveys title held by deceased but executor doesn’t claim any other warranties.
Leases • Agreement between a property owner and tenant that transfers the rights of use and possession • Requirements of a Properly Prepared Lease • Names of the lessor (landlord) and lessee (tenant) • Conveyance of the premises • Description of the premises • Term or duration of the lease • Amount of rent and manner of payment • Duties and obligations of parties • Signatures of the parties
Classification of Leases • Duration of term • Type of Use • Methods of Payment
Lease Duration • Duration of term • Tenancy for stated period • Tenancy from period to period • Tenancy at will • Tenancy at sufferance
Lease Type • Type of Use • Ground Lease • Residential lease • Commercial lease
Lease Payment Methods • Methods of Payment • Gross lease • Net lease • Net net lease • Net net net lease • Fixed-rent lease • Graduated-rent lease • Reappraisal lease • Percentage lease • Index lease
Issues in the Landlord-Tenant Relationship • Renewal option • Expense stops • Security deposits • Improvements
Rights & Obligations of Tenants and Landlords • Covenant of quiet enjoyment • Implied warranty of habitability • Maintenance of common areas • Renewal Clauses • Negative Renewal • Positive Renewal