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Maximizing Nutrition in Aging: Health Strategies for Active Aging

Learn how nutrition impacts aging, the effects of malnutrition, nutrient needs in adulthood, and physical activity's role in extending a healthy, independent life.

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Maximizing Nutrition in Aging: Health Strategies for Active Aging

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  1. Life Cycle Nutrition: The Adult Years Chapter 16

  2. Life Expectancy: 1900 vs. 1980 How long can you expect to be healthy?

  3. What Causes Aging? • As organisms become older, number of cells decreases and function of remaining cells declines • As tissues and organs lose cells, ability of organism to maintain homeostasis decreases • Loss of cells occurs throughout life but is not felt for a long time, as organisms begin with reserve capacity • Reserve capacity diminishes as we age, and we begin to feel the effects of aging

  4. What Affects the Rate of Aging?

  5. Energy needs typically decline with age Decreased BMR Protein, fat, and CHO needs remain about the same Protein: 0.8 g/kg body weight Fat: 20-35% of kcals Avoid trans-fat, get ample EFAs CHO: 45-65% of kcals Fiber important for prevention of GI issues and chronic illness Water: needs remain the same as we age More challenging to meet these needs in older age Decreased sense of thirst Kidneys decline in function, increasing losses Micronutrients Recommendations remain the same for most as we age Increases in recommendations for B6, calcium, vitamin D, and magnesium Decrease in iron recommendation for women past menopause Nutrient Needs in Adulthood

  6. Consequences of Malnutrition

  7. Nutritional Strategies in Older Age • Maximize nutrient density • Nutritional supplements may be useful • Decreased overall intake • Decreased absorptive capacity • Take care to avoid excesses • Check with healthcare provider to rule out drug-nutrient interactions

  8. Changes in Body Composition with Age

  9. Importance of Physical Activity • Extends years of active, independent life • Reduces disabilities • Improves overall quality of life and health • Bone strength • Muscle mass • Cardiorespiratory function • Increases discretionary kcalorie allowance

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