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ILO Standards. Basic concepts. At origins of ILO. ILO was created for the adoption of labour standards Earlier standards adopted under aegis of Switzerland in 1906, for European States Night work for Women Conditions of work for sulphur match makers
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ILO Standards Basic concepts
At origins of ILO • ILO was created for the adoption of labour standards • Earlier standards adopted under aegis of Switzerland in 1906, for European States • Night work for Women • Conditions of work for sulphur match makers • Outbreak of World War I put a stop to this effort
Purpose of standard setting • It was generally accepted that the new ILO was to continue the standard-setting work on labour and social matters already undertaken before the First World War by European states and the International Association for Labour Law. • To regulate conditions of work and prevent exploitation of workers • Has evolved with time also to encompass broader goals of social policy
Forms of ILO standards • Conventions: International treaties, capable of ratification, which upon ratification carry obligations of implementation and of reporting for supervision. • Recommendations: A form of international instrument unique to the ILO, ” to meet circumstances where the subject, or aspect of it, dealt with is not considered suitable or appropriate at that time for a Convention”. (Constitution, art. 19(1)(b)).
Subjects of Standards • Freedom of association, collective bargaining and industrial relations • Forced labour • Equality of opportunity and treatment • Elimination of child labour and the protection of • Children and young persons • Labour administration and inspection • Tripartite consultation • Employment policy and promotion • Vocational guidance and training • Social Policy
Subjects (continued) • Wages • Working time • Occupational safety and health • Social security • Maternity Protection • Seafarers • Dock work • Migrant workers • Indigenous and tribal peoples • Domestic workers • Other particular categories of workers
Some numbers – April 2013 • Members: 185 • Conventions: 189 • Plus 5 protocols • Recommendations: 202 • Ratifications of Conventions: 7,900 +
Other ILO instruments • Declarations: adopted to express the commitment of Members to a principle, idea or procedure, e.g.: • Fundamental Principles and Rights 1998 • Social Justice/Globalization 2008 • Resolutions: instructions by the International Labour Conference to the Office to pursue action • Codes of practice: to provide guidance and best practices