كارگاه آشنايی با مفاهيم و کاربرد علم‌سنجی

1. كارگاه آشنايی با مفاهيم و کاربرد علم‌سنجی دکتر پيام کبيری پزشک، اپيدميولوژيست عضو کميته راهبردی علم‌سنجی وزارت بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی رئيس مرکز تامين منابع الکترونيک و ارتقای نشريات دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران

2. برنامه کارگاه امروز ! اطلاع‌سنجی و علم‌سنجی، مفاهيم و کاربرد معرفی خلاصه شاخص‌های علم‌سنجی آشنايی با نمايه‌نامه‌های استنادی جستجو و تحليل استنادی در Scopus و ISI Web of Science ضريب تاثير مجلات Impact Factor معرفی Journal Citation Report (JCR) معرفی شاخص H-Index

3. Scientometrics (bibliometrics) • Scientometrics (bibliometrics) - The measurement of scientific output activity through statistics on academic publications • The scope of bibliometrics includes: “all quantitative aspects and models of science communication, storage, dissemination and retrieval of scientific information”.

4. تعريف علم‌سنجی • آن دسته از روش‌های کمّی را که به تحليل علم بعنوان يک فرآيند اطلاعاتی تأکيد دارند ”علم سنجی“ می‌نامند. • ”علم سنجی“ به تعبيری ساده تر عبارت است از دانش اندازه‌گير علم.

5. Scientometrics informetrics bibliometrics scientometrics cybermetrics webometrics

6. Informetrics • broader than bibliometrics and scientometrics • Informetrics examines patterns that show up not only in publications but also in many aspects of life as long as the patterns deal with information. e.g. Willis Law deals with the relationships between the age of a group of the animal and plant species and the habitation of these species • its concepts, formulas applicable to publication patterns.

7. Bibliometric dataused for.. • Scientific output evaluation • Impact • Citations • History of science • Publication strategies • Science policy; resource allocation • Collection management • Sociology of science • Information organization • Information management & utilization

8. applied Scientometrics basic Links of bibliometrics with related research fields and application services Science policy Scientific information Research management Librarianship Services for Research in Economics Sociology of science History of science Library and Information Science Life sciences Informetrics Mathematics/Physics Webometrics

9. Why do we evaluate scientific output International • Grant Allocations • Policy Decisions • Benchmarking • Promotion • Collection management • Funding allocations • Research National Institutional Faculty SPLIT IN NEEDS SPLIT IN NEEDS Researchers

10. Adopted from: “Islam and Science: the data gap”, Nature, 2006, 444(7115):26-7

11. اينفوگراف وضعيت علمي ايران در دنيا براساس مقالات سال 2011

12. رشد 11 برابری شمار مقالات ايران در مقايسه با ميانگين جهانی www.science-metrix.com

13. مقايسه فراواني مقالات و ارجاعات صورت‌گرفته به مقالات منتشرشده دانشگاه علوم پزشکي تهران و دانشگاه تهران با دانشگاه‌های رتبه يکصدم و دويستم دنيا در مجموعه Scopus در رتبه‌بندی سال 2009 تايمز THS-QS

14. Databases • General Databases(Comprehensive OR Core Databases) • Specialized Databases(Subjects Specified Databases)

15. General Databases(Comprehensive OR Core Databases) • Medical Sciences • Medline • Embase • All Sciences • Web of Sciences • Scopus

16. Web of Science “Web of Science” is the database name provided by “Institute of Scientific Information” famous in our country as “ISI”. The company name now is Thomson Reuters, No ISI available there. The Web of Knowledge is a portal in which you can search multiple ISI databases including Medline, Web of Science, Current Content, Biological Abstract & others.

17. Specialized Databases(Subjects Specified Databases) • Biological Abstracts • International Pharmaceutical Abstract • PsychInfo • CINAHL • Chemical Abstracts • Agricola • Econlite

18. Citation Databases • Web of Science • Scopus • Google Scholar • (http://scholar.google.com)

19. 3 Types of Citation Data Indexes Articles • Citation Impact Authors • Number of papers (Quantity) • Number of Citations (Quality) • Average number of citations/article • h-index & g-index (Quantity & Quality Both) Journals • Journal Impact Factor • h-index

20. تنوع آدرس‌دهی مقالات دانشگاه‌های علوم پزشکی تيپ يک کشور در ISI Web of Science • منبع: • F Aminpour, P Kabiri, MA Boroumand et al. Iranian Medical Universities in SCIE: evaluation of address variation. In Scientometrics. (2010) 85: 53-63

21. Other Tools Available • Other bibliometric indicators: • Journal Citation Reports (JCR) • Other indicators databases (national, essential, university, institutional) • ISIHighlyCited.com

22. Scopus • Positioning itself as an alternative to ISI • More journals from smaller publishers and open access (+19,500 journals; +1000 conf proceedings) • Source data back to 1960. • Excellent for physical and biological sciences; poor for social sciences; does not cover humanities or arts. • Better international coverage (60% of titles are non-US) • Back to 1996 ! (e.g. citation data for the last decade only) • Easy to use in searching for source publications; clumsy in searching cited publications. • Citation tracker works up to 1000 records only.

23. Google Scholar • Better coverage for all citations as it retrieve web ! • More coverage of references also gray literature ! • Coverage and scope? • Inclusion criteria? • Very limited search options • No separate cited author search • Back to 1990 NOT more ! • Free!

24. Web of Science(Now Thomson Reuter ISI) • Covers around 11,000 journal titles and 110,000 conference proceedings & alos 200 book series divided between SCI, SSCI and A&HCI. • Over 40 million records! • Electronic back files available to 1900 for SCI and mid- 50s for SSCI and mid-70s for A&HCI. • Very good coverage of sciences; patchy on “softer” sciences, social sciences and arts and humanities. • Full coverage of citations.

25. WoS and Scopus: Subject Coverage (% of total records) WoS SCOPUS Google Scholar ?

26. Web of Science If a journal is in Web of Science, it means it should have Impact Factor & vice versa. Don’t confuse Web of Sciences Journals with ISI Master list Journals ! Web of Science indexed about 11,000 Journals while ISI Master List 15,000 Journals.

27. The Journal Impact Factor The Journal Impact Factor is calculated for those journals only which are indexed & included in Web of Sciences Databases, NOT more ! The database which contain the Journal Impact Factors is Journal Citation Report abbreviated JCR.

28. What is Journal Impact Factor? The average citation frequency for articles published in a journal, or how many times, on average, during the study year the articles that appeared in the 2 preceding years of that journal received citations in other (ISI) indexed journals only.

29. Impact Factor Calculation • Citations in the current JCR year to articles published in the previous two years divided by the number of articles published in the previous two years. Citations in 2007 to articles published in 2005 + 2006 IF= Total 2005 + 2006 Papers

30. Citation Source paper – published in 2007 Cited reference – published in 2006 or 2005 Immediacy Index 2007 2006 2005 All Previous Years Impact Factor Cited ½ Life Cited reference – published in 2007

31. How to Find Impact Factors? Directly from Journal Citation Report Database through ISI. Using the Excel Datasheets, prepared especially for this matter.

32. How to Get your related Journals Impact Factors? • Click Here for 2011 IF ! • Then click on the • In the upper box of the brought page, select your subject categories of Interest. • Then click on the once again. • In the Journal list shown, select the “Sorted by” Option for “Impact Factor” & then click

33. 2010 Impact Factors

34. 2011 Impact Factors

35. The h-index شاخص جديدي از شاخص‌هاي علم‌سنجي است. اين شاخص در سال 2005 ميلادي توسط Jorge Hirsch در دانشگاه کاليفرنيا ابداع شد. اين شاخص در واقع با هدف ارزيابي کيفي اثر و ارزيابي کمي برون‌داد پژوهشي محققين ابداع شده است.

36. The h-index مفهوم H-Index عبارت است از تعداد مقالات نويسنده که تعداد ارجاعات برابر با h و يا کمتر از آن دارند. مثلا چنان‌چه H-Index محققي 5 باشد، مفهوم آن اين است که اين محقق 5 مقاله منتشر شده دارد که هرکدام حداقل 5 استناد يا Citation دارند. امروزه اين شاخص معادل Impact Factor براي محققين محسوب مي‌شود.

37. H-index was born ! • We need an Index both to include quantity & also quality of an authors' paper • Productivity • Impact • Not affected by “big hits” • Not affected by “noise”

38. The H-index: a definition • ‘The H-index is the highest number of papers a scientist has that have at least that number of citations.’ Nature (2005)

39. H-index Concept through its Graph

40. The h - Graph

41. How to calculate the h-index? • You can calculate the h-index through the following citation databases: • Web of Science • Scopus • Google Scholar • (http://scholar.google.com)

42. Thehighesth-index in the World & Iran بزرگترين شاخص h در دنيا مربوط به حوزه علوم زيستی برابر با 197 و بزرگترين شاخص h محققان ايران جناب آقای دکتر شمسی پور استاد شيمی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه با عدد hبرابر 47 می‌باشد.* * مربوط است به سال 1390

43. My h-index is bigger than yours! But more people know who I am! Stephen Hawking Physicist h=62 Edward Witten Physicist h=132

44. بزنید ! Email اگر میل داشتید kabiri@tums.ac.ir