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RAID Basics

RAID Basics. Speaker: Edgar Lin. April, 2009. Agenda. What is RAID? RAID Level & Comparison Interface (Host/Disk) RAID Structure Configuration & Monitoring Graphic User Interface Comparison Storage Provisioning / Performance profile Feature Highlight RAIDGuard Central Snapshot

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RAID Basics

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  1. RAID Basics Speaker: Edgar Lin April, 2009

  2. Agenda • What is RAID? • RAID Level & Comparison • Interface (Host/Disk) • RAID Structure • Configuration & Monitoring • Graphic User Interface Comparison • Storage Provisioning / Performance profile • Feature Highlight • RAIDGuard Central • Snapshot • PathGurard MPIO • Advanced Functions • Technical Support Flowchart • Update Firmware • Trouble Shooting 2

  3. What is RAID? • RAID is an acronym first used in a 1988 paper by Berkeley researchers Patterson, Gibson and Katz. • Redundant Array of Independent Disk (RAID) is a storage technology used to combine multiple inexpensive drives into a logical drive to obtain performance, capacityand reliabilityover single-disk storage. 3

  4. ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． Block 1 Block 1 Block 1 Block 2 Block 2 Block 2 Block 3 Block 3 Block 3 Block 4 Block 4 Block 4 Block 5 Block 5 Block 5 Block 6 Block 6 Block 6 Block 1 Block 2 Block 3 Block 1 Block 1 Block 1 Block 1 Block 2 Parity (1,2) Mirror Mirror Block 4 Block 5 Block 6 Block 2 Block 2 Block 2 Block 3 Block 4 Parity (3,4) Block 7 Block 8 Block 9 Block 3 Block 3 Block 3 Block 5 Block 6 Parity (5,6) Block 1 Block 1 Block 2 Block 2 Block 3 Block 3 Block 4 Block 4 Block 5 Block 5 Block 6 Block 6 Block 7 Block 8 Block 9 Block 1 Block 2 Parity (1,2) Block 3 Parity (3,4) Block 4 Block 1 Block 2 Block 3 P (1,2,3) Q (1,2,3) Parity (5,6) Block 5 Block 6 Block 4 Block 5 P (4,5,6) Q (4,5,6) Block 6 Block 7 P (7,8,9) Q (7,8,9) Block 8 Block 9 RAID level description RAID 3 – Disk Striping with dedicated parity RAID 0 – Disk Striping RAID 1 – Disk Mirroring RAID 5 – Disk Striping with distributed parity RAID 6 – Disk Striping with 2sets of distributed parities 4

  5. ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． 1610G 500G 250G 160G 300G 400G 160 GB 250 GB 300 GB 400 GB 500 GB 160 GB 250 GB 300 GB 400 GB 500 GB Block 1 Block 1 Block 2 Block 2 Block 3 Block 3 Block 4 Block 4 Block 5 Block 5 Block 6 Block 6 Block 7 Block 8 Block 2 Block 2 Block 1 Block 1 Mirror Mirror Mirror Mirror Block 4 Block 4 Block 3 Block 3 Block 6 Block 6 Block 5 Block 5 Block 1 Block 3 Parity (1,3) Block 4 Parity (2,4) Block 2 Block 5 Block 7 Parity (5,7) Block 8 Parity (6,8) Block 6 RAID level description JBOD – Just a Bunch of Disks NRAID – Non RAID RAID 10 – Disk striping with Mirroring RAID 30/50/60 – combination of RAID 0 and RAID 3/5/6 5

  6. Overview of RAID levels R: Redundant / JanusRAID II J: JanusRAID P: PCI-e I: iSCSI 6

  7. Interface (Host/Disk) • Host Interface • SCSI (VHDCI, HD68) • SAS (3 Gbits, 6 Gbits) • Fibre(1 Gbits, 2 Gbits, 4 Gbits, 8 Gbits) • iSCSI (Gigabit,10G Ethernet) • PCI-e (PCI-e x4 x8 ...) • Disk Interface • Serial • SATA (1.5 Gbit/s, 3 Gbit/s) • SAS (3 Gbit/s, 6 Gbit/s) • Parallel • PATA (PIO, DMA, Ultra DMA 33/66/100/133) • SCSI (SCSI-1, SCSI-2, Ultra, Wide, Ultra2, Ultra3, Ultra 320) 7

  8. 2U 8bays 2U 6bays SCSI-SATA II PCIe-SATA II NAS-SATA II Tower 8bays SCSI-SATA II Tower 4bays PCIe-SATA II eSATA-SATA II 1394/USB-SATAII RAID system solution 4U 24bays R: Redundant controller S: Single controller 4U 24bays 3U 16bays 3U 16bays SAS-SAS/SATA II (R) FC 4G-SAS/SATA II (R) SCSI-SATA II PCI-e-SATAII 2U 12bays JBOD-SAS/SATA II (R) SAS-SAS/SATA II (R/S) FC 4G-SAS/SATA II (R/S) SCSI-SATAII iSCSI-SAS/ SATA II PCI-e-SATAII JBOD-SAS/SATA II (R/S) SAS-SAS/SATA II FC 4G-SAS/SATA II SCSI-SATA II iSCSI-SAS/SATA II (2U 8/12bays) PCI-e-SATAII Tower 8bays Tower 4bays SCSI-SATA II NAS-SATAII 8

  9. Logical Units  Logical Units (LUN) Volumes  Volumes Logical Disks  Logical disk (LD) Disks Groups  Disk group ( DG)  Local spare and global spare disk Local Spare JBOD Disks Global Space Unused Disks RAID Structures • Virtual disk • LUN mapping Hard Disks The storage resources are managed as storage objects in a hierarchical structure. 10

  10. RAID Configuration and Monitoring • LCD & button: • All RAID systems have a front LCD panel which supports a quick configuration and RAID monitoring • Web-GUI • Open a browser and enter the IP address in the address field. • Check IP address on LCD. (Default is DHCP enable. If no DHCP server exists, RAID system will assign an IP automatically.) Supported browsers: • IE 6.x and above SAS • FireFox 1.x and above • Safari 1.x and above • Web-GUI includes 2 modes, • “Monitor mode”: for monitoring most status of RAID system • Config Mode”: password needed to configure RAID system manually. 11

  11. GUI Comparison 12

  12. 1st Gen GUI 2nd Gen GUI PCI-e GUI 13

  13. RAID Configuration To configure any settings under Config. Mode, log in with admin and its password. The Overview screen displays as below. The Config. Mode provides the following configuration settings 14

  14. RAID System setup RAID Flow Chart Open Web-GUI Advanced Array Setup Set Time JBOD RAID or JBOD? Set JBOD disk Change admin’s password & set reminding email RAID Set DG (Disk Group) Insert Disk and run Disk-Self-Test Set LD (Logical Disk) - RAID 0/1/3/5/NRAID Quick Array Setup Yes RAID 30/50/60 ? Set Vol(Volume) Set array by LCD/Web-GUI No Set Performance Profile Mapping to LUN - Storage Provision Connect to host server and start to use 15

  15. LUN 0 (DG0 LD0) Host port 1 Host port 1 LUN 0 (DG0 LD0) LUN 1 (DG1 LD1) LUN 2 (VOL 3) LUN 3 (JBOD 2) Simple (DAS) Symmetric (MPIO) LUN 0 (DG1 LD1) Host port 2 Host port 2 LUN 2 (DG0 LD0) LUN 3 (DG0 LD2) LUN 4 (VOL 2) LUN 5 (DG0 LD1) Host 0 LUN 6 (JBOD 5) LUN 8 (DG3 LD3) Host 3 Host 4 Selective (SAN) SAN Environment LUN 9 (DG2 LD0) LUN 10 (DG2 LD2) LUN 9 (DG2 LD0) LUN 10 (DG2 LD2) HG1:Host 5, Host 6 …. Host 5 Host 6 LUN 13 (VOL 4) LUN 14 (VOL 5) LUN 15 (VOL 6) LUN 16 (VOL 7) Host 7 Host 8 (Host Group) (Storage Group) Storage Provisioning 16

  16. Performance Profile 17

  17. Features Highlight • RAIDGuard Central • Snapshot • PathGuard MPIO • Advanced Function 18

  18. RAIDGuard Central Features -1 Ethernet Switch ․․․ • Centralized Monitoring 19

  19. Fan Error Fan Error Error RAIDGuard Central Features -2 • Event notice • Mail and MSN inform Ethernet Switch ․․․ 20

  20. Config. RAID 5 Config. RAID 5 Config. RAID 5 Config. RAID 5 RAIDGuard Central Features -3 Ethernet Switch ․․․ • Centralizing configuration 21

  21. RAIDGuard Central Features • Centralized monitoring: New RAIDGuard Central could monitor hundreds of Arena RAID at the same time. Best way to control multiple installations. • Advanced Event notice : All systems could send error message to center server. Easy to know immediately which unit needed to be proper maintained. • Mail and MSN inform : Allow customer to warning the engineer real-time with mail sending and most popular web messenger: MSN. • Centralizing Configuration: Maintain/ configure multiple Arena RAID to save the most time on system integration and supports. • Compatible Models:Janus II, Redundant 22

  22. Saving Data Snapshot Features -1 12:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 Timeline 1:00 status Virus Roll Back Data Restore • Instant copy • Multiple copies • Instant recovery • Data Rollback 23

  23. Snapshot Features -2 • Instant Copy : Copy on the scheduled time of the date. Customers can define how much and when they feel data is important • Multiple copies: Snapshot can create multiple return point with change only- it means without lot’s efforts on RAID and no loading on server • Instant Recovery: No down time needed. Work instantly online. No performance impact and also no requirement to rebuild or try to data rescue. • Data Rollback: Snapshot allow you to rollback/ recover to the nearest point of time. Only little data loss for time being. • Compatible Models:iSCSI, PCI-e, Janus II, Redundant 24

  24. PathGUard ™ MPIO Features -1 Server Host 1 Host 2 Server Host 1 Host 2 Before After Path Guard Double Bandwidth Boost up Performance • Load balancing • Boost up performance 25

  25. PathGUard ™ MPIO Features -2 Server Host 1 Host 2 Server Host 1 Host 2 Path Guard Fail Over Fail back After check Fail Re-Connect/ Change cable • Fail over • Fail back 26

  26. PathGuard™ MPIO Features • Load balancing: Add both bandwidth boost up performance. Improve server and application performance and data availability • Fail-over: Automatic recovery from path fails. Improve application availability and enhances performance • Fail-back: Real-time detect and auto switching back while the other path is back. Improve application and server availability • Auto detection and performance policy: Tunable policy to optimize performance for specific application. Such as video editing or video surveillance. • Compatible Models:Janus, Janus II, Redundant 27

  27. Bad Block Alerts SMART Disk Cloning Scrubbing Disk Spin Down Array Roaming Array Recovery Work Bad Block Access NO Access ZZZ… REST Fail Health OK Sick Working Fix & Recover Data Disk Fail Spare Copy 2nd Fail Array Recovery RAID 5 Sick Stop Repaired Advance Function 28

  28. Update Firmware(Janus / Janus II/Redundant / PCI-e) 29

  29. Vendor Tools • Green Software (No Installation) • Multiple RAIDs Firmware Update • Multiple RAIDs Bootcode Update • Windows Based • Central Management 30

  30. Technical Support Flowchart Support Question RMA Yes No Enough Information ? Hardware? Analyze Problem Solved Software Debug Yes No Compatible Issues Consult 3rd Party 31

  31. What is the problem? When it occurred? Where is the problem? Why happen this problem? RAID Model, FW, Boot Code Memory, Hard Disk RAID Level Host OS, Model, Memory, CPU Trouble Shooting 4W, 1H Info • Connection • HBA, SFP, Terminator • External & Internal Cable • Message • LCD & Terminal Message • GUI (.BIN, .CSV, .html) • OS Event Log • How to occur or duplicate the problem? 32

  32. a more powerful way for storage a more powerful way for storage 33

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