1 / 20

Stratigraphy

Stratigraphy. The study of sedimentary rock layers. Big Idea 2. Earth is 4.6 billion years old. 2.1 Earth’s rocks provide a record of its history. HUTTON’S DISCOVERY. Giants of Geology. The beginnings of the science…and the big ideas…. Nicola Steno -- 1638 - 1686.

allen-perez
Download Presentation

Stratigraphy

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Stratigraphy The study of sedimentary rock layers

  2. Big Idea 2. Earth is 4.6 billion years old. • 2.1 Earth’s rocks provide a record of its history. • HUTTON’S DISCOVERY

  3. Giants of Geology The beginnings of the science…and the big ideas…

  4. Nicola Steno --1638 - 1686 Steno’s Law of Superposition = oldest rocks on bottom Steno’s Law of Original Horizontality = rock layers form from soft sediments horizontally...tilting comes later

  5. Steno & fossils Fossils ARE bones, not just rocks that look like bones

  6. Robert Hooke 1635-1703 Contemporary of Newton, Boyle (gas laws) Fossils are not “sports of nature” but remnants of past life

  7. William Smith 1769-1839 First geologic map of England Law of Faunal Succession-- different fossils are found in different layers...in order! = biostratigraphy

  8. James Hutton 1726 - 1797 “Father of geology” plutonic intrusions and angular unconformities = evidence of “deep time”

  9. James Hutton 1726 - 1797 Siccar Point, Scotland

  10. Charles Lyell 1797 - 1875 Uniformitarianism-- “the present is the key to the past” = gradualism vs. catastrophism...

  11. Scientists of the 19th century

  12. Sedimentary Rocks and Stratigraphy: The three most abundant kinds of sediment: Quartz Sand, Shale, Limestone

  13. Simple Ideal Model for the Evolution of Sedimentary Rocks: HighENERGYLow “Rocks reflect the conditions at which they formed.” --Fichter & Poche

  14. First Premise: • Sedimentary rock compositions depends on • tectonic regime • depositional environment

  15. Second Premise: • Depositional environments are predictable: • From sourceland to basin:

  16. Conclusion: • Changes in: • Sediment composition • Sediment textures • Sedimentary structures • Rock sequences • happen predictably from sourceland to basin

More Related