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Chapter 7

Chapter 7. Section 3 Social and Religious Life. Social Changes. Mobile Society- where people are moving from place to place -not just from one place to another but also social classes 2 Effects: 1. White people had massive opportunity because they could move to make $.

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Chapter 7

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  1. Chapter 7 Section 3 Social and Religious Life

  2. Social Changes • Mobile Society- where people are moving from place to place-not just from one place to another but also social classes 2 Effects: 1. White people had massive opportunity because they could move to make $. 2. High suicide and drunkenness because they are alone.

  3. New Rules for Courtship and Marriage • Women had uncertainty about others due to the changing world • This made marriage, the one decision they had some control of, hard • Women got guidance from books, mostly moralizing novels (Charlotte Temple) • These showed women to be morally strong and appearances do not provide enough clues to a person’s character

  4. Courtship • With these novels and the time women became increasingly cautious about marriage • Courtship (time when you become acquainted before committing themselves) became common • This wasn’t only a time of getting to know each other but was also to negotiate their future • Marriage was very important because it was a matter of survival. • There were very few decent employment opportunities for women

  5. Second Great Awakening • Many churches received government aid but this was declining due to the lack of church membership • In the 1800’s, the pressure of the changing society created an increase • The Second Great Awakening (the great religious movement of the 1800’s) happened • It began in KY and TN

  6. Second Great Awakening • An evangelical (emotionally powerful preaching) movement that had 3 parts 1. Scripture is the final authority2. Salvation achieved through personnel belief in Jesus3. Faith by living a changed life and doing good deeds • Anyone could go and be saved • This usually happened at revivals (where people are “revived” and brought back to religion)

  7. Second Great Awakening (Denominations) • Many denominations (religious subgroups) experienced growth • The US had more denominations than any other nation Baptist: • Got their name about being baptized or a ceremony when a person is made a member of the church • Only allowed when you're old enough to understand • Fully immersed in water instead of being sprinkled • 2nd Great Awakening helped them grow due to evangelistic beliefs and revival atmospheres

  8. Second Great Awakening (Denominations) Methodists • Largest denomination in the US during 2nd Great Awakening 4 Causes • Focused on personal relationship with God instead of religious documents that may be hard to understand • Preachers had many things in common with their congregation • Spread their message by “circus riders” who were traveling ministers who spread the word • Had many camp meetings (revivals)

  9. Second Great Awakening (Denominations) Unitarians • Jesus was not divine, only a human messenger • Saw God as a loving father, not a stern judge • Faith that is moderate and calm • Were on Earth to improve ourselves Mormons • Joseph Smith produced a book that was a translation of a book on gold plates given to him by an angel • God was looking for a truer church without ministers • Not only in the Holy Land but in North America

  10. Second Great Awakening (Denominations) Millenmialists • Leaders believed Earth was being lead into the millennium, or Earth's final 1,000 years of glory before judgment • William Miller determined through the Bible that Jesus would return in 1843 • This second coming was called Advant • He preached only people who knew and believed would go to heaven • After 1843 he changed the date to 10/27/1844- still nothing happened

  11. Women in the Awakening • Women were very active • Women were thought to be lonely and unhappy with life on the frontier • They had a way to connect with others through religion – their “beloved sisters” • Few actually preached and took leadership roles • Got some power but it was indirect – they helped pick their minister

  12. African American Worship • Methodist and other evangelical churches mixed black and white traditions • They both also sang spirituals (folk hymns) • African Americans sometimes felt unwelcomed in white churches • In one church African Americans were asked to move to the top, they refused and left the church and created their own place of worship • 16 more were created to help blacks who felt their “souls were at risk”

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