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Section 2 Day 3

Section 2 Day 3. Virginia Driver Responsibilities: Preparing to Operate a Vehicle. Bell Ringer. Write a half a page red to red. While driving we take on a certain amount of risk, Think of some ways or things that you can do, to help you reduce your risk while driving. Worth 10 points.

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Section 2 Day 3

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  1. Section 2Day 3 Virginia Driver Responsibilities: Preparing to Operate a Vehicle

  2. Bell Ringer Write a half a page red to red. While driving we take on a certain amount of risk, Think of some ways or things that you can do, to help you reduce your risk while driving. Worth 10 points.

  3. Day 3 Objectives • The students will define and understand risk assessment. • The students will understand different moderate risk driving environments. • The students will understand risk reduction principles to establish vehicle speed. • The students will understand the three guidelines of risk taking. • The students will understand the space management system used in Virginia. • Students will be able to identify the 7 zones around the vehicle. • Students will be able to explain the differences of open, closed and changing zones. • The students will examine and learn behaviors that contribute to safe driving habits. • Related SOL: DE.2, DE.3, DE.4, DE.7, DE.15, and DE.18, DE.3, DE.4, DE.5, DE.6, and DE.7

  4. Risk Assessment

  5. What is Risk? • Risk is the Chance of Injury,damage, or Loss • “Chance” is the Likelihood of a Crash • “of Injury, Damage, or Loss” are the Consequences of a Crash Every driver accepts a certain level of risk when driving a vehicle.

  6. Elements of Risk Elements of Risk are: • Risk Assessment • Risk Acceptance • Risk Compensation

  7. Risk Acceptance Risk Acceptance: • There is always a certain amount of risk involved in the driving task. • How much risk is acceptable? • Evaluate Consequences of Taking Risks (Penalty, Damage, Injury or Death) Knowledge can help you reduce risk! • To minimize risk, drivers need time, space & visibility to execute a maneuver.

  8. Risk Assessment • Recognizing increased risk situations • -Speeding -Following Too Closely • -Failure to Yield -Improper Turns • -DUI -Lack of Safety belt use • Understanding the consequences of increased risk situations • Considering your options and the consequences of your choices

  9. Risk Compensation - Recognizing potential risk or limitations and making appropriate adjustments • Adjust Speed to Reduce Risk • Adjust Lane Position to Reduce Risk • Use Appropriate Communication to Reduce Risk

  10. Reducing Driving Risk • Good decision-making is essential to reducing driving risks. • A driver in city traffic makes 50-60 decisions per mile. • Your hands and feet can only do what your brain tells them to do. • Developing good procedures for decision making: • Observation skills • Experiences • Developing good habits

  11. Reducing Driving Risk • Work towards developing the best risk-reducing procedures and safe-driving habits. • Habits are difficult to change. • A space management system helps you to develop good driving habits.

  12. Reducing Driving Risk • Guided practice is key to developing sound habits and judgments • Get extensive practice on all basic driving procedures • Use a space management and targeting system • Good habits and judgment • often deteriorate over time • Complacency • Most novice drivers rate • themselves as “good” drivers • There may be no negative results from negative behavior

  13. Risk Reduction Goals • Make every driving sequence an efficient driving sequence. • Use processing skills to make accurate judgments. • Develop sound procedures for all maneuvers.

  14. Top 3 Causes of Crashes in VA. • Speeding: Includes driving above posted speed limits and driving too fast for the conditions. • Failure to Yield ROW • Driving While Intoxicated • Driving abilities decrease when blood alcohol level increases

  15. Distracted Driving • Distractions while driving can be deadly. • At 55mph, taking your eyes off the road for 3-4 seconds, the car has traveled a length of a football field (300 feet). • What are some examples of distracted driving?

  16. Lack of Safety Belt Use • This is not an immediate cause of a crash, but… • Failure to wear a seat belt often makes the consequences of the crash worse.

  17. Three Guidelines of Risk Taking • Never Risk more than you can afford to lose • A young driver breaks a specific traffic law resulting in the loss of their license. X

  18. Three Guidelines of Risk Taking • Do Not Risk a Large Consequence for a Small Reward • Ignoring a railroad crossing to save a few seconds or even minutes of time.

  19. Three Guidelines of Risk Taking • Consider the Odds and Your Situation • Things you can control vs. things you cannot

  20. Good Driving Habits • Practice safe driving procedures that require little thought Habit Level Judgment Level • Have a well thought out strategy for managing time and space • Become efficient and precise • Respond correctly with the least amount of time Process Level • Search for problems • Evaluate options • Execute decisions • Modify speed and/or position • Communicate to reduce the risk of collision

  21. The Top Ten Errors that resulted in crashes involving teen drivers are: DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE

  22. The Top Ten Errors that resulted in crashes involving teen drivers are: DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE

  23. Space Management

  24. Space Management Steps: • Search –Search the entire scene for anything that might cross your path of travel. • Evaluate -- Give meaning to what you have observed. • Determine an alternate path of travel or change in vehicle position. • Determine proper speed. • Execute --Carry out any alternative action needed to minimize risk.

  25. Vehicle Operating Space There are seven basic areas of operating space for a vehicle. Six of the space areas (zones) are around your vehicle, and the seventh, or central space, is the space your vehicle occupies. Direction of Travel

  26. Vehicle Operating Space A zone refers to one of the six spaces around your vehicle. It is the width of a traffic lane and extends as far as you can see. A zone has three characteristics, it can be OPEN,CLOSED or CHANGING. Right-Front Zone Right-Rear Zone Central Space Area Front Zone Rear Zone Left-Rear Zone Left-Front Zone Direction of Travel

  27. Vehicle Operating Space A zone can also be referred to as a color Maroon White Central Space Area Blue Yellow Green Red Direction of Travel

  28. Vehicle Operating Space A zone can also be referred to as a number 5 3 Central Space Area 1 6 2 4 Direction of Travel

  29. Managing Your Zones Closed ZONE Central Space Area Changing ZONE Check Rear Open ZONE Check Side Move Here Direction of Travel OPEN —a zone that has no restrictions to the line of sight or path of travel. CLOSED —a zone not available for the vehicle’s path of travel or an area that has a restriction to the driver's line of sight. CHANGING —an open zone that may change to a closed zone.

  30. Space Management Basics • Searching Performances: • What to look for • How to look • Where to look • Evaluating Performances: • Risk Potential of a Closed or Changing Area... Versus… • Risk Potential of Alternative Area

  31. Where to look The area outlined in blue represents your field of vision extending from THE DRIVER to the intended target area. Path of Travel Proper search and actions consists of the: • 4 to 8-second range —Immediate Action Required • 12 to 15-second range —Allows forEscapeRoutes • 20 to 30 second range —Safe and open path of travel

  32. What to Look for Path of Travel • A driver must constantly search for potential risks and determine consequences.

  33. How to Evaluate Path of Travel • Will the motorcyclist enter your path of travel? • What will the blue car do? • How can the driver of the red vehicle reduce risks?

  34. Executing Decisions: • Change speed while maintaining vehicle balance • Change position while maintaining vehicle balance

  35. Changes and the Space Management System Many crashes result from a change in the driver’s ability to control the target area, sight line, or travel path before driving into a poor situation.

  36. Conditions • New conditions are always presenting themselves when driving. • A driver must constantly question the present conditions on risk probability and potential consequences.

  37. Processing Information • Should always be based on the individual situation. • Speed and Lane Position dependent on: • Legal Limitations • What the destination is • What is comfortable for the driver

  38. Class Work • Read Pages 354-358 • Do Questions 1-4 on Page 358 • Write the 4 questions and answer completely. Worth 10 Points.

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