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MEDICO-SOCIAL WORK WITH ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS AS A PRIORITY OF SOCIAL POLICY. Boyko Angelina Kazan State Medical University.
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MEDICO-SOCIAL WORK WITH ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS AS A PRIORITY OF SOCIAL POLICY Boyko Angelina Kazan State Medical University
Cancerous diseases in developed countries take the second place after cardiovascular ones according to the number of lives being lost. Cancer is a worldwide problem. Worldwide about 10 million cases of malignant tumors are diagnosed annually. Meanwhile, about 8 million patients die from cancer. In Russia cancer kills more than 300 thousand patients. And every year, about 450 thousand new cancer patients are revealed.
In Republic of Tatarstan at the beginning of 2010 among all newly diagnosed patients • 1,6% increase in the proportion of patients with malignant neoplasms compared with the beginning of 2009 • On prophylactic examinations at 0,8% increase in the proportion identified in I-II stages of disease • Decreased rate of neglect among newly diagnosed patients malignant neoplasms at 0,5% • a one-year mortality rate - 1,7%
In Kazan on January 1, 2010: • Registered in Kazan Oncology Center consisted of 20528 persons, or each of the 48 th inhabitant of Kazan • Cancer incidence in the city grew, reaching 3994 in 2009 human
Self-help groups − regular meetings held to exchange experience and moral support to members of each other; collective organization, which consists of people with similar needs and challenges that unite or to search for solutions or to manage a difficult situation.
General principles of mutual assistance: • Groups help people experiencing a serious problem, get rid of feelings of isolation, loneliness and misunderstanding surrounding • Groups give people the opportunity to more objectively assess your situation • Helping others help themselves • Practical assistance and emotional support • Optimism
Unfortunately, our country hasn’t experience of social work with oncology patients. There are no specific methods of social work with such clients. Students do not have practice in the oncology departments of hospitals. There is no such a model using as support groups for cancer patients in institutions in Russia, or it is developed at the level of charitable organizations. The rates of social worker in oncology clinics are not available. Concerning social work in oncology, as such, there is nothing to speak. Here the important role is played by expert knowledge of social work on the medical aspects of the disease. Thus, a different form of social work is medical-social one.
Nevertheless, in the Republic of Tatarstan made the first attempts at social support of citizens with cancer: are non-governmental organizations to combat cancer, carried out to implement forms of social assistance to such persons.
Last year at the Republican Oncological Dispensary of Tatarstan there was a “School of Patients”, organized by the All-Russian association "Movement Against Cancer," in which I also took part.Clinicdoctors came for a meeting with people who had got that terrible diagnosis, but cured of the disease, as well as a lawyer and a psychologist. School participants learnt from practitioners about the features of malignant tumors, and also took a look at the advanced treatment methods.
I saw how it was hard and scary to those people. Unfortunately, histological examination and confirmation of the diagnosis of malignant formation take 2 weeks. All this time, patients are at the clinic alone with their fears in a society of the same woebegone and frightened people. It was at this moment − a moment of uncertainty, when they needed the most qualified psychological and social assistance.
For effective social work and re-socialization of cancer patients in Kazan must: • Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russian Federation, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Management of Health Kazan organize, coordinate and supervise social work with people with cancer. • Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russian Federation, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Management of Health Kazan develop organizational and legal framework for working with cancer patients in human beings. • Compulsory introduction of a social worker in hospitals cancer Kazan. • Interaction of a social worker with psychologists hospitals cancer Kazan. • Teaching specialists of social worker to organization groups for cancer patients people. • Involvement of volunteer students of the Kazan Medical University, majoring in social work for the mutual support groups with people with cancer.
It is important to note that, despite all the variety of positive changes and the factors contributing to them, help for this category of citizens can be truly effective only with creating a system that includes a well-elaborated, organized regulatory system, sources of stable funding, training, involvement and organization of volunteers and necessary introduction to the state hospital rate specialist of social work.
Only such a comprehensive statement of objectives will complement the efforts of doctors working by the interdisciplinary teams that include psychologists, social workers, teachers and professionals of related areas, and also will effectively mitigate the most severe situation in which there is the origin of the modern treatment of oncological diseases, and improve quality of life for these patients and their families.
