What is culture? What is explicit culture? What is implicit culture?

1. What is culture?What is explicit culture?What is implicit culture? Cultural literacy Cross-cultural literacy Multi-cultural literacy Global literacy

2. What is culture? • Culture can be defined as a shared belief, customs, way of life, value systems, language and the way of communication in a particular group or country. (definition from cultural anthropology) • What are explicit culture and implicit culture? • Culture is a dynamic process of solving human problems and these problems come to us as dilemmas. “Dilemma” comes from the Greek word meaning “ two propositions” (Trompenaars, 1998)

3. The component of global literacy • 1 Cultural literacy(basic cultural competence and skills to live in one’s home culture) • 2 Cross-cultural literacy (competence and skills to adjust between one’s home culture and a target culture) • 3Multi-cultural literacy (cultural sensitivity and skills to live responsibly in cultural diversity, reconciling cultural differences and integrating opposing cultural values in a multicultural and interdependent world)

4. The component of global literacy • 4 Delicate balance of one’s personal, cultural, national and global identifications and roles • (competence to accept and balance pluralistic/multiple identities) • 5 Communicative competence in EIL for global communication (communication skills to create a peaceful and equitable symbiosis) • 6 Awareness as a global citizen to participate in solving global and human problems • (awareness of global village concern for equitable participation and problem-solving competence as a new reframing global concept)

5. How can we cope with different cultures with an effective strategy for cultural confrontation? • The key answer: • awareness • respect • communication • reconciliation from mutually shared strength.