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3D Modeling Basics

3D Modeling Basics. Three basic types of 3D CAD models: Wireframe models Surface models Solid models. Wireframe Model. “wires” represent edges of the actual object. surfaces of the object are not defined, only the boundaries of surfaces are represented by edges.

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3D Modeling Basics

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  1. 3D Modeling Basics Three basic types of 3D CAD models: • Wireframe models • Surface models • Solid models

  2. Wireframe Model • “wires” represent edges of the actual object. • surfaces of the object are not defined, only the boundaries of surfaces are represented by edges. • See-through; not useful for visualization • Has complete dimensional information but contains no volume. • Easy to construct • Created by constructing 2D objects (lines, circles, arcs, etc.) in 3D space. • Useful for planar or single-curved surfaces, but not compound curved surfaces. • Example: wireframe model of a cube is like a model constructed of 12 coat-hanger wires.

  3. Surface Model • Defines both surfaces and edges • Provides better visualization of the actual 3D object. • Requires relatively tedious construction process; each surface must be constructed and oriented with respect to other surfaces. • AutoCAD is not a complete surface modeler; only allows planar and single-curved surfaces. • Wireframe models are usually used as framework to build surfaces

  4. Solid Model • Most complete and descriptive type of 3D modeling. • A computerized replica of the actual object. • Contains definition of edges, surfaces, as well as the interior features of the object. • Has mass and volume; can calculate mass and volumetric properties • Construction techniques are usually simpler than those of surface modelers.

  5. Solid Modeling • AutoCAD’s solid modeler is called ACIS, which is a hybrid modeler. Combination of: • CSG (Constructive Solid Geometry) - a construction techniques that involves combining primitive shapes (boxes, cylinders, wedges, etc.), and utilizing Boolean operations (Union, Subtract, and Intersect) • B-Rep (Boundary Representation) - Defines a model in terms of its edges and surfaces (boundaries) and on which side of the surfaces the model lies. • SolidWorks – Parametric (or Feature-Based)

  6. Coordinate Systems • World Coordinate System (WCS) • Attached to the “ground” (“Real World”) • always available and cannot be erased • XY plane is horizontal, Z is the height dimension • User Coordinate System (UCS) • A temporary coordinate system created by user • Used to simplify the creation of geometry on a specific planes or surfaces of the object • Many ways of defining orientation and position

  7. 3D Coordinate Entry

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