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Operating systems

Operating systems. Unit objectives Identify operating system fundamentals Manage files on a computer. Topic A. Topic A: Operating system fundamentals Topic B: Directory and file management. Microsoft Windows XP. Mac OS X. RedHat Linux. Dependability features. Stable OS architecture

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Operating systems

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  1. Operating systems Unit objectives • Identify operating system fundamentals • Manage files on a computer

  2. Topic A • Topic A: Operating system fundamentals • Topic B: Directory and file management

  3. Microsoft Windows XP

  4. Mac OS X

  5. RedHat Linux

  6. Dependability features • Stable OS architecture • System restore • Device driver rollback • Device driver verification • Reduced reboot scenarios • Scalable memory/processor support

  7. Application failure reduction • Side-by-side DLLs • Windows File Protection • Windows Installer • Internet Explorer Add-on Manager

  8. Security features • Windows Firewall • Encrypting File System (EFS) • IP Security • Kerberos • Smart card support • Windows Security Center

  9. Management and deployment • Application compatibility • User State Migration Tool • Hardware standards support • Dynamic updates • IEAK • System Preparation Tool • Setup Manager • Remote OS Installation • Multilingual support

  10. Desktop management features • Remote Assistance • Group policies • Help and Support Center • Microsoft Management Console (MMC) • Recovery console • Safe Mode Startup Options

  11. Usability features • Graphical user interface • Adaptive user environment • Troubleshooters

  12. Mobile-computing features • Remote desktop • Offline file and folder support • Offline viewing • Laptop power management features • Hot docking • Advanced Configuration and Power Interface

  13. Networking features • Wireless networking • Home networking • Network Setup Wizard • Network bridge • Internet Connection Sharing • Bluetooth 2.0

  14. Product life cycle • Mainstream support • Extended support • Self-help online support

  15. Windows XP Professional features • Remote desktop • Multiprocessor support • Automated System Recovery (ASR) • Dynamic disk support • Fax service • Internet Information Services (IIS)/Personal Web server • Encrypting File System (EFS) continued

  16. Windows XP Pro features, continued • File-level access control • Windows XP Home Edition/Professional computers that are not domain members use Simple File Sharing • C2 certification • Domain membership • Group policies • IntelliMirror • Remote Installation Services (RIS) • Roaming profiles continued

  17. Windows XP Pro features, continued • Multilingual support • 64-bit version • IPSec user interface • SNMP • Simple TCP/IP services • SAP agent • Client services for NetWare • Network monitor • Client-side caching • Administrative tools

  18. Activity A-1 Selecting an appropriate Windows operating system

  19. Windows XP Professional Desktop Recycle Bin Start menu Taskbar System tray

  20. Windows 2000 Professional My Computer My NetworkPlaces Recycle Bin System tray Start menu Taskbar

  21. Windows Explorer Date created or modified Toolbar Filetype Filesize Menu bar Files Drive Folder/directories Drive

  22. Activity A-2 Locating Windows XP interface components

  23. System tools • Control Panel • Computer Management Console • Accessories/System Tools • Command-line utility • Device Manager

  24. Activity A-3 Observing Windows XP system tools

  25. Topic B • Topic A: Operating system fundamentals • Topic B: Directory and file management

  26. Directory structure

  27. MS-DOS navigation commands • Command/cmd • Dir • Chdir/cd

  28. Command/cmd • Basic syntax: command cmd • Optional parameters and switches: command drive:path device ►/e:nnnn/p /c string /msg

  29. Dir command • Basic syntax: dir • Optional parameters and switches: dir drive:pathfilename /p /w ►/a:attributes /o:sortorder /s ►/b /l

  30. /a:attributes h Hidden files -h Non-hidden files s System files -s Non-system files d Directories -d Files only (not directories) a Files ready for archiving -a Files that have not changed since the last archive r Read-only files -r Non-read-only files

  31. /o:sortorder n Alphabetical order by name -n Reverse alphabetical order by name e Alphabetical order by file extension -e Reverse alphabetical order by extension d Chronological by date and time, oldest to newest -d Chronological by date and time, newest to oldest s By size, smallest to largest -s By size, largest to smallest g Grouped directories, then files -g Grouped files, then directories

  32. Chdir/cd command • Basic syntax: chdir cd • Optional parameters: chdir drive:path or cd drive:path chdir.. or cd.. chdir \ or cd \

  33. Navigating in Windows Explorer • Click Start and choose All Programs, Accessories, Windows Explorer • Click the plus sign (+) next to a drive or folder • Select a drive or subfolder

  34. Activity B-1 Using the command prompt

  35. Activity B-2 Navigating a directory tree

  36. Mkdir/md command mkdir drive:path md drive:path

  37. Creating a directory (Windows Explorer) • In the navigation pane, select the drive or folder where you want to create the new folder • Choose File, New, Folder • Type the name of the new folder • Press Enter • Maximum depth of folder structure is 255 characters • Includes characters representing the drive, plus any file-name extensions

  38. Activity B-3 Creating directories

  39. Copying in Windows Explorer • In the navigation pane, select the directory you want to copy • To select multiple directories, hold down Ctrl and select each directory • Choose Edit, Copy • In the navigation pane, select the target location • Choose Edit, Paste

  40. Activity B-4 Copying a directory

  41. Deleting in Windows Explorer • Select the folder you want to remove • Choose File, Delete • Click Yes to confirm moving the folder and its contents to the Recycle Bin

  42. Activity B-5 Removing directories

  43. File types • Binary • Text—typically ASCII

  44. File extensions • .bat Batch file • .bin Binary file • .bmp; .gif; Image file .jpeg; .jpg; .png; .tif • .com Command file • .exe Executable file for programs • .hlp; .chm Help file • .htm; .html Hypertext markup language (HTML) file for documents on the Web continued

  45. File extensions, continued • .inf Configuration settings file used during setup/installation • .ini Configuration settings file • .msi Windows installer package file • .rtf Rich text file; allows formatting • .sys System file • .txt Plain text file • .vbs Visual Basic script file

  46. File-name limits • MS-DOS — eight-character limit • 8.3 • eight characters for the name • three characters for the extension • separated by a period • Windows — 255-character limit

  47. Creating a text file • Click Start and choose All Programs, Accessories, Notepad • Enter the desired text • Choose File, Save As • From the Save In list, select the desired directory • In the File Name box, type a name • Verify that Text Documents (*.txt) is selected in the Save as type box • Click Save • Choose File, Exit

  48. Activity B-6 Creating a text file

  49. File attributes • Read-only • Hidden • System • Archive

  50. Attrib command • Basic syntax: attrib • Optional parameters and switches: attrib +r|-r +a|-a +s|-s +h|-h ►drive:path\filename /s

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