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The OPAC is dead; What’s Next ?

The OPAC is dead; What’s Next ?. Jane Burke Vice President, ProQuest General Manager, Serials Solutions. Old Model of Library Use is Gone. Old model resulted from $$$ of the ’60’s Built BIG print collections Users had to come to the collections. It’s all about the Internet.

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The OPAC is dead; What’s Next ?

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  1. The OPAC is dead;What’s Next ? Jane Burke Vice President, ProQuest General Manager, Serials Solutions

  2. Old Model of Library Use is Gone • Old model resulted from $$$ of the ’60’s • Built BIG print collections • Users had to come to the collections

  3. It’s all about the Internet • The Web has changed how we deliver and consume information • The shift from physical to digital delivery of information has created new requirements and opportunities for delivering effective library experiences • The Web has profoundly transformed the nature of library collections • The majority of new acquisitions are Web-based • Collections have increased dramatically and content is available anytime, anywhere • Web search engines compete with libraries

  4. Nature of collections has changed • 50+% spent on e-resources is not unusual • Underutilized • Collections are much more volatile • e-journals • Open Access journals • e-book collections • e-music • Institutional repository • Online reference resources • Datasets

  5. The Elephant in the Room

  6. A paradigm shift in access • 87% of librarian respondents believe that the paradigm has shifted from library management to user-centric • They cite the “Googlization” of information access as a primary reason • Where researchers still use the library—it is often remotely • This negates the research librarian’s traditional value-added role in users’ research processes

  7. End Users are very busy • Student lives are compartmentalized • They do research from everywhere • Once located, no difficulty using e-resources • Good news … they will try the Library 1st ProQuest study of undergrads

  8. Primary Research • Observational research of student researchers • 60+ sessions across 7 universities and 2 continents • Surveys of end-user researchers • 10,463 respondents across diverse demographics

  9. Chief inhibitors to success in using library resources • Lack of awareness • Difficulty navigating library website to locate appropriate e-resources • Search catalog front and center • Expect articles • Authentication barriers, especially considering limited access points

  10. The World is Flat Each object is on an equal level Search

  11. Libraries Have an Edge The superior source for quality, credible content Preferred for academic research and course assignments

  12. But … The easiest place to start the research process

  13. Why? • Simple • Easy • Fast

  14. Access Points for Library Content • Library catalog • eResources page • Federated search

  15. More research • The importance of the role of the library as a gateway for locating information has fallen over time • The library is increasingly disintermediated from the actual research process Source: Housewright, R., & Schonfeld, R. (Aug2008).

  16. Why Not the Library First?

  17. Researchers Speak for Themselves I get confused and end up going in circles. Library sources are great but internet sources are the most convenient. If only there was a Google-like search…

  18. What Are Others Saying? "In an ideal world, the content of all the library's collections would be available through a single search interface. Wouldn't it be great if the library could offer a single search box that included all the traditional ILS content and the full text of all the electronic resources to which the library subscribes?" Breeding, M. (2007). Next-generation library catalogs. Library Technology Reports, 43(4), 5-42.

  19. Today’s Library exists within this world of Web users • We need to be where the end users are ! • We can’t believe that they will tolerate learning multiple systems • Courseware & Google are the lingua franca • We must accept short term risk to avoid long term “disintermediation” 危机

  20. Frankly, we need to … • Align our priorities with reality • Align our systems with reality • Stop doing lots of stuff that isn’t appreciated • Hurry Up !!

  21. Today’s ILS systems are not Web 2.0 Source: Open Gardens

  22. Why doesn’t the OPAC work? • ILS systems are ubiquitous • Application “stacks” around a single bibliographic database of MARC records • ILS’s are print inventory based • OPAC’s are “shop windows” on inventory control systems, exposing users to administrivia before they can do what they want to – search

  23. Sample OPAC screen

  24. What about the e-content? • Databases • E-books • Full text • Data sets • …

  25. Searching - What the Patron Sees Where should I begin?

  26. But we have Federated Search • Good – important step • Federated search is NOT “in its infancy” • Connector technologies – publishers “get” it now – XML gateway standard (NISO MXG) • Results processing advances • Relevancy • Visualization • Results Clustering

  27. Visualization

  28. Results Clustering • “On the fly” subject categorization • Facets • Journal Title clustering • Author clustering • Year clustering

  29. But… is the fed search findable? • Where are your e-resources ? • Where is the access to your federated search? • Buried on your site? • Inherent problems with federated search • Speed ! • Differing metadata

  30. Libraries continue to be bifurcated • Continuing blind spot -- silo by format • We are all doing this • Digital Millennials don’t differentiate !

  31. We can’t teach the difference • We’ve tried and tried • Card catalog vs. Wilson indexes • Online catalog vs. databases • Give it up !

  32. Going to “Discovery” • “Discovery”=Content + Community + Technology • Discovery: Single interface for finding all the information. Users are no longer forced to search in multiple systems for different media types—books, e-books, print and electronic articles, digital media, and other types of resources.

  33. Elements of a Discovery Layer • Simple, Engaging UI • Visual • Icons • Single search box • Full keyword searching • Facets • Relevance ranking

  34. Early entrants: 3 types of players • Google Scholar • Too much information • Too many dead ends • Open Source – library efforts • Commercial – vendor supplied

  35. Open Source Summa -- State and University Library, Denmark Villa Nova University University of Rochester + partners

  36. Commercial Endeca

  37. …and coming this week • Enables quick discovery of the most credible resources anywhere the library has them • Digital or physical • Books, e-journal articles, databases, etc. • Catalog, publishers, aggregators, open access, etc.

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