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IS IT ONLY NAUGHTY IF YOU GET CAUGHT? Complying with the new Privacy Laws. Kimberley Heitman AACS www.kheitman.com. Who cares? Why take an interest in privacy?. It’s the law! … But also It’s a ‘hot’ issue Particularly on-line Evidence of public concern – survey research
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IS IT ONLY NAUGHTY IF YOU GET CAUGHT?Complying with the new Privacy Laws Kimberley Heitman AACS www.kheitman.com
Who cares?Why take an interest in privacy? • It’s the law! … But also • It’s a ‘hot’ issue • Particularly on-line • Evidence of public concern – survey research • Linked to wider issues – individual vs big organisations – trust, power, accountability • Can’t afford to ignore
Different types of privacy • Bodily privacy – searches, drug tests, psych tests • Territorial privacy – home and property • Communications privacy – post, telephone, email, internet • Information privacy – what others know about you – transactions, behaviour, movements, financial affairs, health, relationships, political views • We all have something to hide – human dignity
Information Privacy laws • Privacy Act 1988 (Cwth) • Commonwealth agencies & TFNs 1989 • Credit Reporting 1990 • Private sector 2001 • State & Territory Laws or rules for government agencies • Privacy & Personal Information Protection Act 1998 (NSW) • Information Privacy Act 2000 (Vic) • WA, SA, QLD & TAS – administrative rules • ACT – Privacy Act 1988, NT – Bill pending
New rules for private sector • Amendments to Privacy Act 1988 • Businesses and associations • Since 21 December 2001 unless < $3million annual turnover and do not ‘trade’ in personal data • Employee records exempt • National Privacy Principles (NPPs)
Identifying Personal Information • “Information or opinion … whether true or not … about an individual whose identity is apparent, or can reasonably be ascertained, from the information or opinion” (s.6) • No need for name – indirect identification enough • Only if ‘recorded’ (s.16B – except TFNs and Credit)
Privacy Principles • More than just security • Cover life cycle of data from collection through storage, use, disclosure, disposal • Collection • Fair and lawful • Specified purpose • Notice to individuals. • Anonymity • Special rules for sensitive data & identifiers
Privacy Principles (2) • Use & Disclosure • only for original purpose without consent • exceptions • Special rules for Overseas transfer • Data Quality • Security • Access & Correction
Codes of Practice • Can ‘replace’ the NPPs • Can have own complaint handling mechanism – Code Adjudicator • Will generally be sectoral codes • General Insurance • Recruitment • Internet Industry • Direct Marketing? Banking?
Complaints • Individuals can complain about breaches of principles • Complaint to Privacy Commissioner or approved industry ombudsman • Determination can instruct you to take action, pay compensation
Commissioner’s powers • Audits/inspections only for Commonwealth agencies, credit reporting and tax file numbers • Privacy Commissioner can investigate allegations without a complaint
Practical compliance • Ensuring information is needed and relevant for a lawful purpose • Giving notice • General privacy policy/statement • Specific – when collecting • Seeking consent • Ensuring new collections and uses comply • Ensuring data quality • Reviewing security and disposal
Practical compliance (2) • Handling access requests • Locating information • Considering exemptions • Dealing with requests for correction • Handling Complaints • Point of contact • Liaison with Privacy Commissioner or Code Adjudicator
Conclusion • Information (& communications) privacy • Fundamental human right • Its none of their business! • Consumer protection tool • Risk of harm through incorrect information or taken out of context • New rights, new responsibilities
Questions? Useful URLs Privacy Commissioner www.privacy.gov.au Australian Privacy Foundation www.privacy.org.au Electronic Frontiers Australia www.efa.org.au Questions