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Experimental Design

Experimental Design. Showing Cause & Effect Relationships. Experiments. Direct way to test a hypothesis about a cause-effect relationship between factors. Experimental Group. The subjects in an experiment who are exposed to the treatment (independent variable)

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Experimental Design

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  1. Experimental Design Showing Cause & Effect Relationships

  2. Experiments • Direct way to test a hypothesis about a cause-effect relationship between factors

  3. Experimental Group • The subjects in an experiment who are exposed to the treatment (independent variable) • Also called the experimental condition • The group being studied and compared to the control group

  4. Control Group • Are not exposed to the independent variable • Results are compared to those of the experimental group • Also called the control condition

  5. Independent Variable • The experimental variable which causes something to happen • The “cause variable” • The variable manipulated by the experimenter • The variable which should change the dependent variable

  6. Dependent Variable • The experimental variable which is affected by the independent variable • The “effect variable” • The outcome of the experiment • The variable being measured

  7. Mrs. Cavell’s Example: • Hypothesis: If I give teens “No Sleepy in Psychy” pill, then students should stay awake. • IV: No Sleepy in Psychy Pill • DV: Staying Awake • EG: Students taking the pill • CG: Students taking a placebo (sugar pill)

  8. Which of the following is the Independent Variable in the statement: Justin Time wants to know if wearing a watch actually improves punctuality. • Justin Time • Punctuality • Wearing a Watch • None of the above. 20

  9. Knowing the Difference • Use an If/Then Statement • If this (independent variable) THEN this happens (dependent variable). • If my subject drinks an energy drink (Ind. Variable) THEN they should get a surge in energy (Dep. Variable)

  10. Experimental Design • Random sample—every member of the population being studied should have an equal chance of being selected for the study • Randomization helps avoid false results & bias • Double-Blind: Neither the researcher nor the participant knows if they are receiving the placebo

  11. Dr. Mike Rophone was interested in the relationship between using a sound amplification device and student learning. Which of the following is the dependent variable? • Dr. Mike Rophone • Relationship • Student Learning • Sound Amplification Device 20

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