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India

India. Language, Culture, and Tradition. Why do we study India?. India’s Human Geography. Population: 1.1 Billion people, 2 nd most populous nation 29% Urbanized- still has a large rural population 80% Hindu, 13% Muslim, 2% Christian, 2% Sikh, 3% Other

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India

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  1. India Language, Culture, and Tradition

  2. Why do we study India?

  3. India’s Human Geography • Population: 1.1 Billion people, 2nd most populous nation • 29% Urbanized- still has a large rural population • 80% Hindu, 13% Muslim, 2% Christian, 2% Sikh, 3% Other • Languages: Hindi 41%, Bengali 8.1%, Telugu 7%, Marathi 7%, Tamil 6%, Urdu 5% • 18 official languages, English spoken by a many as well

  4. Diversity Hindu Muslim Sikh

  5. Strategic Importance of India • India borders China • India also borders Pakistan, the only majority-Muslim nation with nuclear weapons • It also has strategic control over the Indian Ocean Basin

  6. India’s Government • Federal Republic • The World’s largest democracy • Independence: August 15, 1947 (from the UK) • Prime Minister: Manmohan Singh

  7. India’s States

  8. India’s Long history • 4,000 yrs ago civilization flourished in the Indus Valley at Harrapa and Mohenjo-Daro, two ancient cities

  9. Harappa & Mohenjo-Daro • Although 400 miles apart they were connected by navigable Indus River • Irrigation and farming was taking place • Written language was used • Evidence of extensive trade

  10. The Aryans Invade India • Lighter-skinned invaders from Central Asia arrived between 1500-500 BCE • Blending of Harrapan and Aryan culture developed in the subcontinent • Small kingdoms appeared ruled by rajahs or princes

  11. Sanskrit – Aryan language Sanskrit Word English Word Mother Brother Sister Daughter Son • Matr • Bhrata • Svasir • Duhita • Sunu

  12. Aryan Society • Aryan’s brought the caste system to India • The Dravidians, the original peoples of India, were conquered by the Aryans • Dravidians were the “untouchables” of the caste system

  13. Persian & Greek Invasions • Persians invaded India in the 6th Century BCE • Written Sanskrit is related to Persian • Greeks invade India in 326 BCE • The Greek conquest was short lived

  14. Gupta Empire320 – 550 • Gupta family ruled for over 200 years • Period of stable government & great accomplishments • Indian scholars produced masterpieces

  15. Gupta Accomplishments • Mathematics: concept of zero, “arabic numerals,” and the value of 3.1416 determined • Medicine: diagnoses and treatment was advanced, surgeries performed • Lit.: Many of the traditionally oral stories were written down

  16. Sanjay Gupta

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