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INSULIN LAB

INSULIN LAB. Comparing Glucose Levels Before and After Insulin Injection. Instructor Terry Wiseth. Click to go to Next Slide. Click to End Show.

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INSULIN LAB

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  1. INSULINLAB Comparing Glucose Levels Before and After Insulin Injection Instructor Terry Wiseth Click to go to Next Slide Click to End Show

  2. Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. It is important to the regulation of blood glucose levels because it functions to allow body cells to absorb glucose from the blood. Most of the glucose absorbed from the bloodstream is subsequently converted and stored by the body cells into glycogen.The body has to maintain a blood glucose level sufficient to serve nerve cells, which are not able to store glucose. Alpha cells in the pancreas secrete glucagon when blood glucose levels drop too low. Glucagon causes body cells to convert their stored glycogen to glucose and release it into the bloodstream. Click on the blackboard here to zoom in on a larger blackboard Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 Mg / deciliter Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  3. DIABETES TYPE 1 develops when the pancreas does not produce insulin. DIABETES TYPE 2 develops when the body cells do not respond to the insulin produced by the pancreas. In both types, glucose remains in the bloodstream. Excess glucose is filtered from the bloodstream by the kidneys. This excess will then find its way to the urine. In the experiment we are about to perform, we will be studying the effects of insulin treatment for TYPE 1 DIABETES. We will be comparing the glucose levels of a normal rat to those of a diabetic rat. We will also compare the rats again after each is injected with insulin. Normal levels of blood glucose are in the range of 80 - 125 ml /dl. A subject is said to be diabetic if the blood glucose level exceeds 175 ml / dl. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 Mg / deciliter Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  4. For this lab you will need to submit the following in your lab report. 1) Insulin Lab Data Table 2) Answers to Questions 1- 7 You can access a printable form of the Data Table by using the link below. The questions can be found in your lab book. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter Insulin Lab Data Table 0 Mg / deciliter Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  5. Note that there are two rats in separate cages. The rat labeled as normal will be the control specimen, while the other will serve as the experimental animal. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 mg / deciliter Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  6. There are three syringes on the shelf to the left. The syringes contain saline, insulin and alloxan. Alloxan is a drug that kills the beta cells that produce insulin, and thus renders the injected subject as a diabetic. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 mg / deciliter Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  7. The small syringes in the container on the table will be used to sample blood from the tails of the rats. The blood samples will be analyzed in the Glucose meter. Be sure to enter the data in the data table as you progress through the experiment. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 mg / deciliter Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  8. You can access and print the Data Table by utilizing the link below. Alloxan Saline Insulin Insulin Lab Data Table Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 mg / deciliter Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  9. We will be injecting the normal rat with saline solution and the experimental rat with alloxan. In a real lab situation the injections would be given daily for a week. In this simulation we will perform the injections only once. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 mg / deciliter Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  10. Next we will be obtaining blood samples from the tails of the two rats. We will then inject both rats with insulin and obtain blood samples again. Record the data from the Glucose meter in the data sheet and answer the questions at the end of the lab. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 mg / deciliter Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  11. Click on the Saline syringe to inject the control rat. Next click on the Alloxan syringe to inject the experimental rat. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 mg / deciliter Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  12. Next we will test each of the rats blood for glucose concentration. Click on one of the syringes in the container on the table to test the blood of the normal “control” rat. Record the data from the Glucose meter in the Data Table. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 85.7 mg / deciliter Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  13. Next click on another syringe in the container on the table to test the blood of the diabetic “experimental” rat. Record the data from the Glucose meter in the Data Table. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 mg / deciliter 210.6 Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  14. We will be injecting both the control and the experimental rats with a dose of insulin. Click on the syringe labeled Insulin on the shelf to the left. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 mg / deciliter Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  15. Now we will test each of the rats blood for glucose concentration again. Click on one of the syringes in the container on the table to test the blood of the normal “control” rat. Record the data from the Glucose meter in the Data Table. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 55.2 mg / deciliter Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  16. Next click on another syringe in the container on the table to test the blood of the diabetic “experimental” rat. Record the data from the Glucose meter in the Data Table. After you have recorded your data, go to the next slide and answer the quesitons given Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter 0 mg / deciliter 90.8 Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  17. At this point you have collected all of the data required for this experiment. Be sure that you have made all of the calculations required to fill out the Data Table. The next exercise you will need to perform is to answer the lab questions. You can find the lab questions in your lab book. You can also access the questions by clicking on the link given below. Alloxan Saline Insulin Normal Experimental Glucose meter LAB QUESTIONS 0 mg / deciliter 90.8 Used Syringe Blood samplers Click to go to Next Slide

  18. LAB QUESTIONS • Why did we inject the “experimental” subject with Alloxan? • 2) Why did we inject the “control” subject with saline solution? • 3) What effect did the Alloxan have on the experimental subject? • 4) Why is there a difference in the glucose concentrations for the control and the experimental subjects after the alloxan and the saline injections? • 5) Why is the glucose level of the control subject so low after injection with insulin? • 6) What was the effect of insulin injection on the experimental subject? • 7) Why do insulin injections lower the blood glucose levels? Click to End the Lab Click to go to First Slide

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