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What Is Development?

What Is Development?. The systematic changes in an individual that occur between conception and death. Occurs in three broad domains: Physical Cognitive Psychosocial. Historical Perspectives. Preformationism (6 th – 15 th Century)

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What Is Development?

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  1. What Is Development? • The systematic changes in an individual that occur between conception and death. • Occurs in three broad domains: • Physical • Cognitive • Psychosocial

  2. Historical Perspectives • Preformationism (6th – 15th Century) • Puritan Doctrine (16th Century) • John Locke’s “tabula rasa” (17th Century) • Rousseau’s ideas of Innate Goodness (18th Century)

  3. Historical Perspectives • Charles Darwin (19th Century) • Forefather of scientific child study • G. Stanley Hall • Regarded as founder of child development study

  4. Theoretical Perspectives of Human Development • Psychonalytic (Freud, Erickson) • Learning (Behavioral) (Watson, Pavlov, Skinner) • Cognitive (Piaget) • Social Cognitive (Bandura)

  5. Theoretical Perspectives of Human Development • Evolutionary (Ethological, Sociobiological) (Darwin, Lorenz, Gottlieb) • Systems Theories (Contextual, Bioecological) (Bronfenbrenner) • Lifespan

  6. Terms • Growth • Maturation • Learning • Aging • Biological aging • Life Expectancy • Average life expectancy • Useful life expectancy • Maximum life expectancy

  7. Terms • Age Grade • Age Norms • Developmental norms • Social Clock • Cohort • Cohort Effects

  8. Terms • Contextual effects: • Normative age graded influences (similar to all) • Normative history graded influences • Non-normative life events (individual)

  9. Terms • Multidimensional • (biopsychosocial) • Multidirectional • Plasticity • Individuality

  10. Themes • Nature and Nurture • Continuity and Discontinuity • Stability and Change • Universality and Context Specific Development • Activity and Passivity

  11. Research in Developmental Psychology • Correlation Studies • Correlation Coefficient • Longitudinal Studies • Cross-sectional Studies • Sequential Studies

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