1 / 59

WHAT IS MASS MOVEMENT?

WHAT IS MASS MOVEMENT?. WHAT IS MASS MOVEMENT?. Downslope movement of Earth material under the influence of gravity . Downslope. Earth material (not alien!). Downslope. Earth material (not alien!). Downslope. Gravity. THE BIG PICTURE.

alvaro
Download Presentation

WHAT IS MASS MOVEMENT?

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. WHAT IS MASS MOVEMENT?

  2. WHAT IS MASS MOVEMENT? Downslope movement of Earth material under the influence of gravity.

  3. Downslope

  4. Earth material (not alien!) Downslope

  5. Earth material (not alien!) Downslope Gravity

  6. THE BIG PICTURE Uplift – Creation of potential energy by forces from within the Earth

  7. THE BIG PICTURE Erosion of materials from uplands to low land by gravity and other external forces. Uplift – Creation of Potential Energy by forces from within the Earth.

  8. WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF MASS MOVEMENT? 1. Slides: 2. Flows: 3. Heaves:

  9. WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF MASS MOVEMENT? 1. Slides: 2. Flows:

  10. WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF MASS MOVEMENT? 1. Slides: 2. Flows: 3. Heaves:

  11. WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF MASS MOVEMENT? 1. Slides: All the vertical displacement occurs along a single plane. 2. Flows: 3. Heaves:

  12. WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF MASS MOVEMENT? 1. Slides: All the vertical displacement occurs along a single plane. 2. Flows: Vertical displacement occurs throughout the moving material. 3. Heaves:

  13. WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF MASS MOVEMENT? 1. Slides: All the vertical displacement occurs along a single plane. 2. Flows: Vertical displacement occurs throughout the moving material. 3. Heaves: Displacement by means of non- cancelling vertical movement of material.

  14. SLIDE Shear Toe Plane All of downslope displacement (with small exception of the “toe”) occurs along a single plane, the “shear plane”.

  15. ITALIAN DISASTER! Mini-tsunami Dam burst

  16. FLOW All of downslope displacement occurs throughout the moving body.

  17. HEAVE

  18. 1. Uplift: Perpendicular to slope.

  19. 1. Uplift: Perpendicular to slope. 2. Collapse: Vertically under the influence of gravity.

  20. 1. Uplift: Perpendicular to slope. 2. Collapse: Vertically under the influence of gravity. Resultant Vector: Downslope movement

  21. UPLIFT COLLAPSE 1. 2. 3.

  22. UPLIFT COLLAPSE 1. HEATING Ground heat flux Expansion 2. 3.

  23. UPLIFT COLLAPSE 1. HEATING COOLING Ground heat flux Expansion Nighttime Radiative cooling Contraction 2. 3.

  24. UPLIFT COLLAPSE 1. HEATING COOLING Ground heat flux Expansion Nighttime Radiative cooling Contraction 2. WETTING Clays expand when wet 3.

  25. Clay Minerals occur in sheets, or “Laminae”. Water molecules get inserted between sheets causing expansion

  26. UPLIFT COLLAPSE 1. HEATING COOLING Ground heat flux Expansion Nighttime Radiative cooling Contraction 2. WETTING DRYING Clays expand when wet Water dries and sheets Contract. 3.

  27. UPLIFT COLLAPSE 1. HEATING COOLING Ground heat flux Expansion Nighttime Radiative cooling Contraction 2. WETTING DRYING Clays expand when wet Water dries and sheets Contract. 3. FREEZING Soil water freezes and expands

  28. Like most substances the density of water increases as temperature decreases.

  29. After 4°C (39°F) strange things happen – the density decreases!!!!!

  30. Once ice forms density drops to about .917!

  31. ICE IS ABOUT 90% OF THE DENSITY OF – SO IT FLOATS IN WATER

  32. At warmer temperatures the random motions caused by heat disrupt the tendency for water molecules to align As temperatures cool the bonds between adjacent molecules dominate and water adopts a regular structure.

  33. Density = Mass / Volume Consider fixed mass of water (1 gram) in soil pore and Density of water = 1 gram /cc (cubic centimeter), then water occupies 1 cc. Temperature at night drops below 0°C (32°F), so water turns to ice, with a density of 0.92 gram/cc 0.92 = 1 gram/ Volume Volume = 1/ 0.92 = 1.09 ccs By freezing water increased the volume it occupies by about 9%

  34. Density = Mass / Volume Consider fixed mass of water (1 gram) in soil pore and Density of water = 1 gram /cc (cubic centimeter), then water occupies 1 cc. Temperature at night drops below 0°C (32°F), so water turns to ice, with a density of 0.92 gram/cc 0.92 = 1 gram/ Volume Volume = 1/ 0.92 = 1.09 ccs By freezing water increased the volume it occupies by about 9%

  35. Density = Mass / Volume Consider fixed mass of water (1 gram) in soil pore and Density of water = 1 gram /cc (cubic centimeter), then water occupies 1 cc. Temperature at night drops below 0°C (32°F), so water turns to ice, with a density of 0.92 gram/cc 0.92 = 1 gram/ Volume Volume = 1/ 0.92 = 1.09 ccs By freezing water increased the volume it occupies by about 9%

  36. Density = Mass / Volume Consider fixed mass of water (1 gram) in soil pore and Density of water = 1 gram /cc (cubic centimeter), then water occupies 1 cc. Temperature at night drops below 0°C (32°F), so water turns to ice, with a density of 0.92 gram/cc 0.92 = 1 gram/ Volume Volume = 1/ 0.92 = 1.09 cc By freezing water increased the volume it occupies by about 9%

  37. Density = Mass / Volume Consider fixed mass of water (1 gram) in soil pore and Density of water = 1 gram /cc (cubic centimeter), then water occupies 1 cc. Temperature at night drops below 0°C (32°F), so water turns to ice, with a density of 0.92 gram/cc 0.92 = 1 gram/ Volume Volume = 1/ 0.92 = 1.09 ccs By freezing water increased the volume it occupies by about 9%

  38. UPLIFT COLLAPSE 1. HEATING COOLING Ground heat flux Expansion Nighttime Radiative cooling Contraction 2. WETTING DRYING Clays expand when wet Water dries and sheets Contract. 3. FREEZING THAWING Soil water freezes and expands Ice melts and occupies a smaller volume

  39. UPLIFT COLLAPSE 1. HEATING COOLING “Dry Heaves” Ground heat flux Expansion Nighttime Radiative cooling Contraction 2. WETTING DRYING Clays expand when wet Water dries and sheets Contract. 3. FREEZING THAWING Soil water freezes and expands Ice melts and occupies a smaller volume

  40. UPLIFT COLLAPSE 1. HEATING COOLING “Dry Heaves” Ground heat flux Expansion Nighttime Radiative cooling Contraction 2. WETTING DRYING “Wet Heaves” Clays expand when wet Water dries and sheets Contract. 3. FREEZING THAWING Soil water freezes and expands Ice melts and occupies a smaller volume

  41. UPLIFT COLLAPSE 1. HEATING COOLING “Dry Heaves” Ground heat flux Expansion Nighttime Radiative cooling Contraction 2. WETTING DRYING “Wet Heaves” Clays expand when wet Water dries and sheets Contract. 3. FREEZING THAWING “Cold Heaves” Soil water freezes and expands Ice melts and occupies a smaller volume

More Related