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CHAPTER 21 SECTION 2. AN AGE OF CITIES. URBAN POPULATIONS BOOM. URBANIZATION- THE MOVEMENT OF POPULATIONS FROM FARMS TO CITIES BY 1890- 1/3 AMERICANS LIVED IN THE BIG CITIES JOBS DREW PPL TO CITIES- STEEL MILLS, MEATPACKING, GARMENT FACTORIES DREW PPL.
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CHAPTER 21 SECTION 2 AN AGE OF CITIES
URBAN POPULATIONS BOOM • URBANIZATION- THE MOVEMENT OF POPULATIONS FROM FARMS TO CITIES • BY 1890- 1/3 AMERICANS LIVED IN THE BIG CITIES • JOBS DREW PPL TO CITIES- STEEL MILLS, MEATPACKING, GARMENT FACTORIES DREW PPL
IMMIGRANT- ONE WHO MIGRATED TO ANOTHER COUNTRY • IN-MIGRANT- SOMEONE WHO MOVES FROM THE RURAL TO THE URBAN AREA • AFRICAN AMERICANS ALSO MOVED TO THE CITIES SEEKING BETTER OPPORTUNTIES
PATTERNS OF CITY SETTLEMENT • THE URBAN POOR- CRAMMED INTO THE CENTE RFO THE CITY- THE POOR LIVED IN TENEMENTS • SMALL APRTMENTS- HAD NO WINDOWS, HEAT, OR INDOOR BATHROOMS • OFTEN, 10 PPL SHARED A TENEMENT • HAD LOW RENT AND WERE CLOSE TO FACTORIES
THE URBAN MIDDLE CLASS- DOCTORS, LAWYERS, BUSINESS MANAGERS LIVED IN ROWS OF NEAT HOUSES BEYOND THE SLUMS • THE JOINED CLUBS AND SINGING SOCIETIES SINCE THEY HAD LEISURE TIME
THE RICH- LIVED ON THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE CITY BEHIND BRICK WALLS OR IRON GATES- MANSIONS • RICH AMERICANS MODELED LIVES ON EURO ROYALTY- HAD PRICELESS ARTWORK, GAVE LAVISH PARTIES
SOLVING CITY PROBLEMS • PROBLEMS GREW AS PPL CAME INTO THE CITIES • FACTORIES CAUSE DPOLLUTION • GARBAGE ROTTED OUTSIDE • GENERAL UNSANITARY CONDITIONS • CRIME WAS RAMPANT • TENEMENTS UNSAFE
URBAN REFORMS • CITY GOVT SET UP BLDG CODES- STANDARDS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND SAFETY • WORKERS HIRED TO COLLECT GARBAGE AND ZONING LAWS MADE TO REDUCE POLLUTION • NEW WATER SYSTEMS AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS ALSO DESIGNED.
RELIGIOUS ORGS HELP POOR • REL GROUPS WORKED TO EAS EPROBLEMS OF POOR • SOCIAL GOSPEL- PROTESTANT MINISTERS CALLED ON WELL-TO-DO TO HELP LESS FORTUNATE • SALVATION ARMY- CREATED Y WILLIAM BOOTH- OFFERED FOOD, SHELTER, CLOTHING TO POOR
THE SETTLEMENT HOUSE MOVEMENT • SET HOUSE- COMMUNITY CENTERS THAT OFFERED SERVICES TO THE POOR • JANE ADDAMS- IN CHICAGO FOUNDED HULLHOUSE • HULL HOUSE VOLUNTEERS HELPED OUT THE POOR AND IMMIGRANTS BY TEACHING THEM NEC. LIFE SKILLS AND OFFERING THEM SUPPORT