Integrating climate change into forestry: exercise on a conceptual framework

1. Topic 2, Section D Integrating climate change into forestry: exercise on a conceptual framework

2. Conceptual Framework How could climate change be included in the forestry programmes you know about? Components could include: • Mitigation and adaptation • Afforestation-reforestation, avoided deforestation, bioproducts and bioenergy, environmental services, water and soil • Carbon markets, funding redistribution, contracts with communities and institutional strengthening How could you conceptualise the linkages between forestry programmes and climate change? • Think about a conceptual framework that could be applied anywhere and help us to define how to include climate change into forestry programmes Topic 2, Section D, slide 2 of 11

3. Group Work The objective is to analyze the links between the main forest and climate change issues in the case of a specific programme. Questions to consider: • What are the opportunities for developing climate change-related programme activities in a forestry programme, depending on the context and on the usual programme activities? • What would be the impacts of these activities on project outcomes and on climate change? Topic 2, Section D, slide 3 of 11

4. Method for Group Work Cognitive Mapping (also called concept mapping, cause mapping, or mental model) allows us to identify and structure problems perceived by groups or individuals. • First step: • Brainstorming for listing main issues • Any other issues that can be related to the local context, to climate change, to policy, or other topics Topic 2, Section D, slide 4 of 11

5. Method for Group Work • Second step: • Clustering related issues • Third step: • Make causal links among issues Topic 2, Section D, slide 5 of 11

6. Method for Group Work • Fourth step: • Explaining causal links • Result: • A graphical network consisting of boxes representing issues and concepts and arrows representing causal relationships among them Topic 2, Section D, slide 6 of 11

7. Case example Project context: • Watersheds with high population density and poverty • Low forest cover except in the higher areas • High pressure on agricultural lands and deforestation • Problems of water quality and regularity for downstream users • Lack of forest law enforcement and incentives to reforest Current land-use activities: • Agriculture and forest conversion • More sustainable land-use activities to be promoted: • Agroforestry, reforestation and forest conservation Topic 2, Section D, slide 7 of 11

8. Discussion of case example How can integrating climate change issues benefit the project? • Adaptation • Interest of downstream users in having better water • Interest of local government in reducing vulnerability • Mitigation • Possibility to finance activities using carbon markets • What would be the outcomes of these activities? • How would these activities help to achieve projects goals? • Climate change mitigation and adaptation • Other project goals (poverty reduction, biodiversity conservation?) Topic 2, Section D, slide 8 of 11

9. Context Activities Outcomes Project Goals Baseline Land Use Baseline Trends Non climate-relatedgoals Increasing Agriculture, Population Dynamics Deforestation PovertyAlleviation Poverty Improving and Diversifying Livelihoods BiodiversityConservation Governance Failures Conserving Existing Forest Area Improved Land Use Forest Conservation Increasing Forest Area Reforestation Increasing Carbon per Hectare Climate-relatedgoals Climate-RelatedOpportunities Agroforestry Increased Carbon Storage (Mitigation) Enhancing Watershed, Soil and WaterConservation. REDD Carbon Markets Maintained Carbon Storage (Mitigation) Need to Decrease Social Vulnerability Project Strategic Activities Reduced Local Vulnerability (Adaptation) To be defined Synergies Uncertainrelationships Conflicts Topic 2, Section D, slide 9 of 11

10. Conserving Existing Forest Area Land Use Monitoring Enhancing Watershed, Soil and WaterConservation. Watershed Monitoring Context Activities Outcomes Project Goals Indicators Baseline Trends Baseline Land Use Non climate-relatedgoals Food and Biofuel Markets Subsistence Agriculture,Livestock Raising, Commercial Crop Production, Biofuel production Improving and Diversifying Livelihoods PovertyAlleviation Population Dynamics Livelihood Assessment BiodiversityConservation Poverty Deforestation Governance Failures Climate-relatedgoals Improved Land Use Increased Carbon Storage (Mitigation) Climate-RelatedOpportunities Increasing Forest Area Forest Conservation International Discussions on REDD Land Use Monitoring Sustainable Forest Management Maintained Carbon Storage (Mitigation) Forest Rehabilitation, Reforestation Increasing Carbon per Hectare Funds and National Initiatives on REDD Agroforestry Carbon Monitoring Reduced Local Vulnerability (Adaptation) Sustainable Bio Energy Production CDM Carbon Voluntary Markets Project Strategic Activities DecreasedEmissions by Energy (Mitigation) Institutional Strengthening Need to Decrease Social Vulnerability Capacity Building Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions (ex-situ) Contracts with and Funding Redistribution to Communities Synergies Life Cycle Assessment Local Demand for Ecosystem Services, PES Uncertainrelationships Monitoring Conflicts Topic 2, Section D, slide 10 of 11

11. Thank you for your attention